英和和英

読み方 こう

名詞

1

（＝功績）a meritorious deed; merit; service（成句のほかは複数）

用例

• 功を立てる
  to perform a meritorious deed―distinguish oneself―win distinction―render service

• 彼は国家に功を立てた
  He has rendered service to the State.
• 抜群の功を立てる
  to render distinguished services―have eminent merits
• 功を賞す
  to reward one for one's services
• 功を論じ賞を行う
  to reward one in recognition of his services―reward services and distribute honours
• 三十七八年役に功あり
  He distinguished himself―rendered distinguished services―in the 37-8th year affair.
• 三十七八年役の功により男爵に叙せらる
  He was created baron in recognition of his services in the 37-8th year affair.
• 功の疑わしきは重くせよ
  Doubtful merit should be rewarded.
• 功成り名遂げて身退くは天の道なり
  To render service, to win fame, and then to retire from life, is the way of Heaven.
• 一将功成って万骨枯る
  “The many must labour for the one.”【イディオム・格言的】

2

（＝成功、効果）success; effect; result; fruit

用例

• 勉強の功だ
  It is the fruit of industry.

• 彼は勉強の功によって成功した
  He succeeded by dint of perseverance―by virtue of industry.
• 功を奏す
  to take effect―bear fruit―do its work―be effectual―be successful―succeed―（武器なら）―do execution―tell
• 薬が功を奏した
  The medicine has taken effect―done its work.
• 勉強が功を奏した
  My labours have borne fruit.
• 試みが功を奏した
  My attempt has proved effectual―been successful―succeeded.
• 前回の企図は功を奏さぬ
  The last attempt was attended with no results―fruitless of results―ineffectual.
• 砲撃がことごとく功を奏した（百発百中）
  Every shot did execution
  Every shot told.
• 砲台を砲撃してもなんの功も奏さなかった
  The bombardment made no impression on the forts.
• 労して功あり
  My labours are crowned with success
  My labours have borne fruit.
• 労して功無し
  My labours are fruitless of results
  I have laboured in vain
  I am ill paid for my labours.
• 功を急ぐ
  to be eager for success―anxious to succeed
• 功を積む
  to reap the fruits of industry
• 蛍雪の功を積む
  to burn the midnight oil
• 蛍雪の功むなしからず
  My diligence is rewarded.

3

（＝誉れ）honour; credit

用例

• （医者などが）功を争う
  to claim the honour of the affair―claim the credit of the affair

• 功を分かつ
  to divide the honour of the affair―divide the credit of the affair
• 彼は己が功を人に譲る
  He disclaims the credit of the affair.
• 維新の大業は薩長の功である
  The credit for the great work of the Restoration in due to the Satsuma and Choshu clans.
• 義務を尽しただけのことをもって功とはせぬ
  I do not take credit to myself for having simply done my duty―make a merit of having simply done my duty.

4

（＝功を経るの功）experience; wisdom

用例

• 功を経る
  to grow wise by experience

• さすがは年の功だ
  He is experienced and wise.
• イカの甲より年の功
  Age will tell
  Older and wiser.

5

（＝功何級の功）order

• 功一級に叙し金鵄勲章を授けられる
  He was decorated with the First Order of the Golden Kite.