lose casteとは 意味・読み方・使い方

動詞

lose caste (三人称単数 現在形 loses caste, 現在分詞 losing caste, 過去形および過去分詞形 lost caste)

1. (South Asia) To lose one's status as a member of one's caste of birth.
   • 1808, “Moral Character of the Hindoos, in Their Interior Department” in The Literary Panorama, London: C. Taylor, Volume 3, p. 141,^[1]

     Attachment to a master, a family, or a government of a different religion, is that which cannot be produced in the mind of a Hindoo, while under the power of his Gooroo or his Depta. But if they lose caste, and embrace Christianity, not by force, but from pure conviction, they become other men.

   • 1857, D. Urquhart, The Rebellion of India, London: D. Bryce, “Mr. Disraeli’s Speech Reviewed,” p. 14,^[2]

     I would now ask what results could follow from enforcing on the Indian army the biting of a substance [i.e. cow grease on gunpowder cartridges] which they could not place between their lips without losing caste, and becoming objects of abhorrence to their co-religionaries, their friends and their families […]

   • 1993, Vikram Seth, A Suitable Boy, London: QPD, Chapter 9.11, p. 577,^[3]

     An uncle of mine in Delhi thinks that I have become polluted, that I have lost caste by working with leather.

2. To fall in social standing; to suffer a loss of status or reputation.
   • 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], “In Which the Reader, if He or She Resort to the Fifth Chapter of This Second Book Will Perceive a Contrast Not Uncommon in Matrimonial Cases”, in Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 297:

     He was degraded in their eyes; he had lost caste and station before the very paupers; he had fallen from all the height and pomp of beadleship to the lowest depth of the most snubbed hen-peckery.

   • 1919, Henry B[lake] Fuller, “Cope Dines—and Tells About It”, in Bertram Cope’s Year: A Novel, Chicago, Ill.: Ralph Fletcher Seymour, The Alderbrink Press, →OCLC, page 57:

     […] I don’t know but that an instructor may lose caste by eating among a miscellany of undergraduates.

   • 1952, Ralph Ellison, chapter 13, in Invisible Man‎^[4], New York: Vintage, published 1972, page 259:

     Why, with others present, it would be worse than if I had accused him of raping an old woman […] Bledsoe would disintegrate, disinflate! With a profound sigh he’d drop his head in shame. He’d lose caste. The weekly newspapers would attack him. […] His rivals would denounce him as a bad example for the youth.