octopusとは

語源

From Latin octopūs, from Ancient Greek ὀκτώπους (oktṓpous), from ὀκτώ (oktṓ, “eight”) + πούς (poús, “foot”).

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈɒkt.ə.pʊs/, /ˈɒk.tə.pəs/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɑːkt.ə.pʊs/, /ˈɑːk.tə.pəs/

名詞

octopus (複数形 octopuses または octopi または octopodes または octopii) (see usage notes)

1. Any of several marine molluscs/mollusks, of the family Octopodidae, having no internal or external protective shell or bone (unlike the nautilus, squid または cuttlefish) and eight arms each covered with suckers.
2. (uncountable) The flesh of these marine molluscs eaten as food.
3. An organization that has many powerful branches controlled from the centre.

使用する際の注意点

• The plural octopi is hypercorrect, coming from the mistaken notion that the -us in octopūs is a Latin second declension ending. The word is actually treated as a third declension noun in Latin. The plural octopodes follows the Ancient Greek plural, ὀκτώποδες (oktṓpodes). The plural octopii is based on an incorrect attempt to pluralise the word based on an incorrect assumption of its origin, and is rare and widely considered to be nonstandard.

• Sources differ on which plurals are acceptable: Fowler's Modern English Usage asserts that “the only acceptable plural in English is octopuses”, while Merriam-Webster and other dictionaries accept octopi as a plural form. The Oxford English Dictionary lists octopuses, octopi, and octopodes (the order reflecting decreasing frequency of use), stating that the last form is rare.

• The term octopod (both octopods かつ octopodes can be found as the plural) is taken from the taxonomic order Octopoda but has no classical equivalent, and is not necessarily synonymous (it can encompass any member of that order). The collective form octopus is usually reserved for animals consumed for food.

同意語

• polypus

派生語

参考

• ��
• calamari
• cuttlefish
• Kraken
• nautilus
• octopoid
• squid

アナグラム

• cop-outs, copouts, cops out

Latin

語源

From Ancient Greek ὀκτώπους (oktṓpous, “eight feet”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /okˈtoː.puːs/, [ɔkˈtoː.puːs]

名詞

octōpūs m (genitive octōpodis); third declension

1. (New Latin) octopus
   • 1825 — Willem de Haan, Monographiæ ammoniteorum et goniatiteorum specimen, page 10.

     Jam vero testa in hac familia sola universalis pars est, Octopodis tantum exceptis.

     Now truly a shell is a part universal in this single family, octopus the notable exception.

Inflection

Third declension.