transversusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Proto-Italic *trānsworssos, whence also derived Umbrian trahuorfi (“transversely, crosswise”). Synchronically the perfect passive participle of trānsvertō (“to turn or direct across or athwart”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [trãːsˈwɛr.sʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [tranzˈvɛr.sus]

Participle

trānsversus (feminine trānsversa, neuter trānsversum, adverb trānsversē or trānsversim); first/second-declension participle

1. perfect passive participle of trānsvertō
2. (literal) going or lying across, athwart, crosswise; from side to side; cross-, transverse, traverse
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.14:

     Romani transversam invadunt hostium aciem

     The Romans assailed the enemy’s flank

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico II.8:

     ab utroque latere eius collis transversam fossam obduxit circiter passuum CCCC

     on either side of that hill he drew a cross trench of about four hundred paces

3. (figurative) crossed, thwarted
   • 46 BCE, Cicero, Brutus 97.331:

      […], cuius in adulescentiam per medias laudes quasi quadrigis vehentem transversa incurrit misera fortuna rei publicae.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. (coupled with ex or de) suddenly, unexpectedly, transversely, crosswise

Inflection

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

• trānsversārius (adjective)
• trānsversē (adverb)
• trānsversum (noun)

関連する語

• trānsversa
• trānsversim

派生した語

参照

• “transverto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “transversus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "transversus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “transversus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • across; transversely: in transversum, e transverso
    
• Dizionario Latino, Olivetti