英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 boy, boye, from Middle Dutch boeye (“float, buoy”), from Old French boue (“piece of wood or cork that floats above an anchor to indicate where it is anchored”) (modern French bouée), ultimately from Frankish *baukn (“beacon”), from Proto-Germanic *baukną. Doublet of beacon.

Alternatively, and perhaps less likely (due to the unexplained shift in meaning), from Middle Dutch boeye (“shackle, fetter”), from Old French buie (“fetter, chain”), from Latin boia (“a (leather) collar, band, fetter”), from Ancient Greek βόεος (bóeos), βόειος (bóeios, “of ox-hide”), from βοῦς (boûs, “ox”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”).

Noun sense 2 was coined by American linguist Scott K. Lindell in 2003.

発音

• enPR: boi
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈbɔɪ/
  • (Standard Southern British) IPA: /ˈboj/
  • (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈboɪ/
• (General American, Canada) enPR: bo͞o-ē, boi IPA: /ˈbu.i/, /ˈbɔɪ/
• (obsolete) IPA: /ˈbwɔɪ/
• 韻: -ɔɪ, -uːi
• Homophone: boy (some accents)

名詞

buoy (plural buoys)

1. (nautical) A float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, indicate a navigational channel or for other purposes
   • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Communications: Administration Codex entry:

     While comm buoys allow rapid transmission, there is a finite amount of bandwidth available. Given that trillions of people may be trying to pass a message through a given buoy at any one time, access to the network is parceled out on priority tiers.

   • 2024 July 30, Kayla Guo, “Texas’ floating barrier in the Rio Grande can stay for now, appeals court says”, in The Texas Tribune‎:

     Texas began deploying chains of specially designed buoys down the middle of the Rio Grande near Eagle Pass to deter migrants from crossing illegally in June 2023, sparking protests from migrant activists and from the Mexican government.

   1. A lifebuoy; a life preserver.
2. (linguistics, sign language) A sign where the non-dominant hand is held in a stationary configuration as a landmark for meaning associations with the dominant hand. [2003]

   list buoy

派生語

動詞

buoy (third-person singular simple present buoys, present participle buoying, simple past and past participle buoyed)

1. (transitive) To keep afloat or aloft; used with up.
2. (transitive) To support or maintain at a high level.
   • 2017 May 18, Mickey Rapkin, “The Oral History of Celine Dion’s ‘My Heart Will Go On’: Controversies, Doubts & ‘Belly Pains’ In the Studio”, in Billboard‎:

     “My Heart Will Go On” debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 on Feb. 28, 1998, buoying the Titanic soundtrack’s 16-week run atop the Billboard 200.

3. (transitive) To mark with a buoy.

   to buoy an anchor; to buoy or buoy off a channel

   • 1839, Charles Darwin, chapter XIII, in Narrative of the Surveying Voyages of His Majesty’s Ships Adventure and Beagle, between the Years 1826 and 1836, […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 303:

     Not one rock near the surface was discovered which was not buoyed by this floating weed.

4. To maintain or enhance enthusiasm or confidence; to lift the spirits of.

   Buoyed by the huge success, they announced two other projects.

   • 2006 February 12, Leslie Feinberg, “Black movement raised hopes of all downtrodden”, in Workers World‎:

     This dynamic stage of the ongoing struggle for long-denied democratic rights and national liberation helped inspire and buoy many in the U.S. and around the world who longed for social and economic justice.

   • 2013 September 6, Daniel Taylor, “Danny Welbeck leads England's rout of Moldova but hit by Ukraine ban”, in The Guardian‎:

     It ended up being a bittersweet night for England, full of goals to send the crowd home happy, buoyed by the news that Montenegro and Poland had drawn elsewhere in Group H but also with a measure of regret about what happened to Danny Welbeck and what it means for Roy Hodgson's team going into a much more difficult assignment against Ukraine.

   • 2018, James Lambert, “A multitude of ‘lishes’: The nomenclature of hybridity”, in English World-Wide‎, page 18:

     Considering the results of the study, today John may be buoyed at the clear trend of increasing numbers of new “lishes” for each successive decade since the 1950s, and the fact that nothing in the data suggests this trend is likely to falter.

   • 2026 February 4, Andy Comfort, “Northumberland Line: beyond the buffers”, in RAIL, number 1054, page 54:

     Fancett is clearly buoyed by the support. "I believe the people of Newbiggin[-by-the-Sea] want it. Newbiggin Council wants to see it [the line] extended.

派生語

参照

• Scott K. Liddell (2003), Grammar, Gesture, and Meaning in American Sign Language‎, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN

Further reading

• “buoy”, in Collins English Dictionary, 2011–present.
• “buoy, n,v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “buoy”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “buoy”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “buoy”, in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2026

アナグラム

• Oyub, bouy, buyo