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Wiktionary英語版での「cnawan」の意味 |
cnawan
語源
From Proto-West Germanic *knāan. There are Germanic cognates in Old High German -cnāhen, Old Norse kná. From the same Proto-Indo-European source are cennan, cunnan. With gecnāwan, the two words together mean “know”.
使用する際の注意点
Old English used several different words to mean "to know":
- Witan meant "to be aware of," and was used with facts and pieces of information: Iċ wāt þæt iċ nāt nāwiht ("I know that I know nothing"), Hwā wāt hū fela ōðerra manna sind mē ġelīċe? ("Who knows how many other people are like me?"), Hwanon wāst þū mīnne naman? ("How do you know my name?"), Þū wāst hwæt tō dōnne is ("You know what to do").
- Cunnan meant "to be familiar with," and was used with people, places, concepts, and skills: Mæġ iċ hine lufian swīðor þonne iċ hine cann? ("Can I love him more than I know him?"), Ne sorge ġē, iċ cann þis sċræf swā æftewearde mīne hand ("Don't worry, I know this cave like the back of my hand"), Ealdenglisċ cunnan þyncþ mē unnytt ("Knowing Old English seems useless to me"). With verbs, it means "to know how": Þū āna cūðest mē hreddan ("You're the only person who knew how to save me"), Wisson ġit þæt hē singan cann? ("Did you know he can sing?")
- Ġecnāwan and oncnawan meant to recognize or identify, and could be used almost interchangeably: Þā stefne iċ wolde āhwǣr ġecnāwan ("I'd know that voice anywhere"), Ġecnǣwst þū þisne wer? ("Do you know this man?"), Iċ oncnāwe gōd handweorc þonne iċ hit ġesēo ("I know good craftsmanship when I see it"), Be þon oncnāwaþ ealle menn þæt ġē sind mīne frīend ("That's how everyone will know you're my friends"). Though cnāwan is the ancestor of modern know and was probably a synonym, it was many times less common than these two prefixed forms in the Old English period, being attested only a few times in the surviving corpus.
- Tōcnāwan meant "to distinguish" or "discern": riht and wōh tōcnāwan ("to know right from wrong").
Conjugation
infinitive | cnāwan | cnāwenne |
---|---|---|
indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
first person singular | cnāwe | cnēow |
second person singular | cnǣwst | cnēowe |
third person singular | cnǣwþ | cnēow |
plural | cnāwaþ | cnēowon |
subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
singular | cnāwe | cnēowe |
plural | cnāwen | cnēowen |
imperative | ||
singular | cnāw | |
plural | cnāwaþ | |
participle | present | past |
cnāwende | (ġe)cnāwen |
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knaa
Wiktionary英語版
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意味 |
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英和・和英辞典
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Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL). Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wiktionary英語版」の記事は、Wiktionaryのcnawan (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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