Sjambokとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Afrikaans sjambok, from Dutch sjambok, from Javanese cambuk, and as borrowed in Malay: modern Indonesian and Malay, ultimately from Persian چابک‎ (čâbok). Originally spelt in the colonial Dutch transliteration tscamboek. The term was imported by VOC officials, Dutch merchants, the Maardijkers (Maluku (Moluccan) freemen and burghers), and Inlanders (Javanese かつ other modern Indonesian slaves かつ political exiles expelled to Dutch South Africa). Doublet of chabuk.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈʃæmbɒk/

名詞

sjambok (複数形 sjamboks)

1. (South Africa) A stout whip, especially made of rhinoceros or hippopotamus hide.
   • 1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter II, in Capricornia, pages 25-6:

     He learnt that he was a slave, in spite of all the petty airs he might assume, a slave shackled to a yoke, to be scolded when he lagged, flogged when he rebelled with the sjambok of the modern driver, Threat of the Sack.

   • 1963, Thomas Pynchon, V.:

     Foppl stood holding a sjambok or cattle whip of giraffe hide, tapping the handle against his leg in a steady, syncopated figure.

   • 1979, André Brink, A Dry White Season, Vintage, published 1998, page 113:

     Several accusations had been brought in against her and every time she'd denied them she had been beaten with a sjambok.

   • 1989, United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs, United States Policy Toward South Africa: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on African Affairs, page 333:

     If dialogue is ever to have a chance, South Africans must find a way to turn away from violence in all its forms — the brutal violence of the sjambok

   • 2006 May 13/14, Weekend Argus, page 1:

     Police arrested almost 40 locals yesterday after a crowd took part in illegal marches and refused to disperse. The locals were armed with sticks, sjamboks and other weapons.

参考

• knout
• quirt
• whip
• cambuk

動詞

sjambok (三人称単数 現在形 sjamboks, 現在分詞 sjambokking, 過去形および過去分詞形 sjambokked)

1. (transitive) To whip with a sjambok; to horsewhip.

参照

• 1989-1990, South African Department of Information (Apartheid era), South Africa 1989-90: official yearbook of the Republic of South Africa, volume 15 (1989; →ISBN かつ →ISBN). Page 74: "bobotie, kiaal, sjambok, sosatie from Malay".
• 1983, Robert Ross, Cape of Torments: slavery and resistance in South Africa. International library of anthropology (Routledge, 1983; →ISBN かつ →ISBN)
• 1978, Jean Branford, A Dictionary of South African English
• 1971, Roy Lewis, Yvonne Foy, Painting Africa white: the human side of British colonialism (Universe Books, 1971, →ISBN かつ →ISBN)
• 1883, JKW Quarles van Ufford, Koloniale kroniek - De Economist (Springer, [1], [2])

アナグラム

• Kambojs, jamboks