banquetとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• bankette (廃れた用法)

語源

From Middle English banket, from Middle French banquet, from Italian banchetto (“light repast between meals, snack eaten on a small bench”, literally “a small bench”), from banco (“bench”), from Lombardic *bank, *panch (“bench”), from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”). Akin to Old High German bank, banch (“bench”), 古期英語 benċ (“bench”). More at bank, bench.

発音

• enPR: băngˈ kwĭt, bănˈ kwĭt; IPA^(key): /ˈ bæŋkwɪt/, /ˈ bænkwɪt/
• (廃れた用法) IPA^(key): /ˈ bæŋkɪt/^[1]

名詞

banquet (複数形 banquets)

1. A large celebratory meal; a feast.

   Synonym: reception

   • c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:

     True, worthy Banquo; he is full so valiant,
     And in his commendations I am fed; / It is a banquet to me.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Esther 5:4:

     And Esther answered, If it seem good unto the king, let the king and Haman come this day unto the banquet that I have prepared for him.

   • [1715], [John] Gay, The What D’Ye Call It: A Tragi-comi-pastoral Farce, London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, Act II, scene ix, page 40:

     So comes a Reck’ning when the Banquet’s o’er, / The dreadful Reck’ning, and Men ſmile no more.

   • 1798, [William Wordsworth], “Nutting”, in Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems, London: […] J[ohn] & A[rthur] Arch, […], →OCLC:

     [T]he hazels rose / Tall and erect, with milk-white clusters hung, / A virgin scene! — A little while I stood, / Breathing with such suppression of the heart / As joy delights in; and, with wise restraint / Voluptuous, fearless of a rival, eyed / The banquet, […]

   • c. 1870, Emily Dickinson, “(please specify the chapter または poem)”, in M[abel] L[oomis] Todd and M[illicent] T[odd] Bingham, editors, Bolts of Melody, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Row, published 1945, page 229:

     Who goes to dine must take his feast / Or find the banquet mean; / The table is not laid without / Till it is laid within.

   • 1933, Kahlil Gibran, The Garden of the Prophet‎^[2]:

     And the sun, even as you and I and all there is, sits in equal honour at the banquet of the Prince whose door is always open and whose board is always spread.

   • 1972 March 6, “China Coverage: Sweet and Sour”, in Time:

     The thrill of discovery quickly wore off. TV crews and reporters were soon scurrying frantically to satisfy the medium’s insatiable appetite for novelty, sometimes achieving massive inanity instead. During coverage of the first great banquet, correspondents—who had not been given menus—variously described those little orange balls decorating the table’s center as pomegranates, oranges or JellO. (They were actually North China tangerines.)

2. A ceremonial dinner party for many people.
3. (archaic) A dessert; a course of sweetmeats.
   • c. 1624–1625 (date written), Philip Massinger, The Vnnaturall Combat. A Tragedie. […], London: […] E[dward] G[riffin] for Iohn Waterson, […], published 1639, →OCLC, Act III, scene i:

     Wee'll dine in the great roome, but let the muſick / And banquet be prepar'd here.

   • 1874, Saturday Review: Politics, Literature, Science and Art:

     At Inverkeithing the teetotalers objected to this profligate expenditure, so the Provost and magistrates manfully paid for their “cookies” out of their own pockets. At Dunse, instead of a cake and wine banquet, there was “a fruit conversazione,” whatever that may be.

派生語

• banquet roll
• banqueteer
• banqueteering

派生した語

• → Scottish Gaelic: bangaid (カナダ用法)

動詞

banquet (三人称単数 現在形 banquets, 現在分詞 banqueting または banquetting, 過去形および過去分詞形 banqueted または banquetted)

1. (intransitive) To participate in a banquet; to feast.
   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     I am resolved; 'tis but a three years' fast: / The mind shall banquet, though the body pine: / Fat paunches have lean pates, and dainty bits / Make rich the ribs, but bankrupt quite the wits.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-2/#4 2:4:

     He brought me to the banqueting house, and his banner over me was love.

   • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], H[enry] Lawes, editor, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC, lines 701–702:

     Were it a draught for Juno when she banquets, / I would not taste thy treasonous offer.

   • 1820, Walter Scott, chapter XXXII, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, または III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:

     "Ay, ay," said Wamba, who had resumed his attendance on his master, "rare feeding there will be—pity that the noble Athelstane cannot banquet at his own funeral.—But he," continued the Jester, lifting up his eyes gravely, "is supping in Paradise, and doubtless does honour to the cheer."

2. (obsolete) To have dessert after a feast.
   • 1580, George Cavendish, quoted by John Stow (ed.), The Annales of England, Faithfully collected out of the most autenticall Authors, Records, and other Monuments of Antiquitie, 1600 edition, “Henry the eight.,” p. 907,^[3]

     Then was the banquetting chamber in the tilt yard at Greenewich, to the which place these strangers were conducted by the noblest personages in the court, where they did both sup and banquet.

3. (transitive) To treat with a banquet or sumptuous entertainment of food; to feast.
   • c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     Not possible; for who shall bear your part / And be in Padua here Vincentio's son; / Keep house and ply his book, welcome his friends, / Visit his countrymen, and banquet them?

   • 1800, Frederick Schiller, The Piccolomini, or the First Part of Wallenstein, translated by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, London: Longman & Rees, Act I, scene i, p. 2,^[4]

     Just in time to banquet

     The illustrious company assembled there.

   • 1828, Washington Irving, “Voyage through the Gulf of Paria”, in A History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus. […], volume II, New York, N.Y.: G. & C. Carvill, […], →OCLC, book X, pages 169–170:

     They treated them with profound reverence, as beings descended from heaven, and conducted them to a spacious house, the residence of the cacique, where they were banquetted in their simple but hospitable way, with bread and various fruits of excellent flavour, and different kinds of beverages which have been already mentioned.

派生語

• banqueter
• banqueting

参照