nickelとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from German Nickel, first used in a text by the Swedish mineralogist Axel F. Cronstedt as an abbreviation of Kupfernickel (“a mineral containing copper かつ nickel”), from Kupfer (“copper”) + Nickel (“insignificant person, goblin”), originally nickname of Nikolaus (“Nicholas”), due to the deceptive silver colour of the relatively valueless ore. Compare cobalt as related to kobolds.

発音

• enPR: nĭk'əl, IPA^(key): /ˈnɪk.əl/
• 韻: -ɪkəl

名詞

nickel (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 nickels)

2. (uncountable) A silvery elemental metal with an atomic number of 28 and symbol Ni.
4. (US, Canada, countable) A coin worth 5 cents.

   Coordinate term: dime

   • 2017 October 8, “Confederacy”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 4, episode 26, HBO:

     That is just objectively terrifying regardless of contexts! He looks like if a nickel did cocaine!

5. (US, slang, by extension) Five dollars.
6. (US, slang, by extension) Five hundred dollars.
7. (US, slang, sometimes the nickel または the hot nickel) Interstate 5, a highway that runs along the west coast of the United States.
8. (slang) A playing card with the rank of five
9. (US, slang) A five-year prison sentence.
10. (米国用法 football) A defensive formation with five defensive backs, one of whom is a nickelback, instead of the more common four.
11. (UK, WWII) An airborne propaganda leaflet.
    • 1945, The Saturday Evening Post, volume 217, Curtis Publishing Company, OCLC 70735634, page 79:

      Colonel Hazeltine still had trouble persuading air commanders to drop the nickels. Pilots profanely protested against risking their necks on such foolishness. But in the end 15,000,000 leaflets a week were being dropped on Sicily and Italy.

    • 1948, The Army Air Forces in World War II, volume 3, Office of Air Force History, →ISBN, page 495:

      Many types of nickels were used in psychological warfare. Classified according to general purpose, there were strategic and tactical leaflets.

    • 2010, Richard H. Kraemer, The Secret War in the Balkans, Author House, →ISBN, page 136:

      Nickels, the code-name for propaganda leaflets, were ordinary 8-1/2×11" sheets of paper either printed on both sides or folded in half and printed on all four sides. […] On most of our flights, after leaving the DZ or landing strip we distributed 150 to 450 pounds of nickels over designated areas, and a few of our missions were nickel runs only.

派生語

関連する語

• kupfernickel
• niccolite
• nife
• nitinol

形容詞

nickel (not comparable)

1. (US, idiomatic, somewhat dated) Synonym of cheap: Low price and/or low value.

   Let me give you the nickel tour of the office.

動詞

nickel (三人称単数 現在形 nickels, 現在分詞 nickeling または nickelling, 過去形および過去分詞形 nickeled または nickelled)

1. (transitive) To plate with nickel.
2. (UK, WWII) To distribute airborne leaflet propaganda.
   • 1948, The Army Air Forces in World War II, volume 3, Office of Air Force History, →ISBN, pages 496–497:

     The 422d Bombardment Squadron extended the scope of its operations considerably in April and "attacked" Norwegian targets with the leaflet bomb. The number of cities nickeled per mission also increased until it was common for fifteen to twenty-five to be scheduled as targets for a five-plane mission.

   • 1966, Monro MacCloskey, Secret Air Missions, R. Rosen Press, OCLC 1350797, page 36:

     We flew numerous nickeling missions over the population centers of Southern France, dropping thousands of pounds of leaflets.

   • 2010, Richard H. Kraemer, The Secret War in the Balkans, Author House, →ISBN, page 136:

     From southern Greece to northern Italy, nickeling supplied both occupied peoples and their occupiers with fairly frequent and generally accurate reports of the war — in many cases, their only authoritative source of information.

参考

• false copper
• garnierite
• nickelling
• pentlandite

参照

• Weisenberg, Michael (2000) The Official Dictionary of Poker. MGI/Mike Caro University. →ISBN

アナグラム

• Nickle, inleck, nickle