英和和英

語源

Borrowed from French costume, from Italian costume, from Latin consuētūdō (“custom, habit”). Doublet of consuetude, custom, and kastom.

Verb circa 1802, perhaps modelled on French costumer.

発音

• (英国発音, noun, verb) IPA: /ˈkɒs.tjuːm/, /ˈkɒs.t͡ʃuːm/
• (General American, noun) IPA: /ˈkɑsˌt(j)um/, /ˈkɑsˌt͡ʃum/, /ˈkɑs.tʊm/, /ˈkɑs.təm/
• (General American, verb) IPA: /kɑsˈt(j)um/, /kɑsˈt͡ʃum/, /ˈkɑsˌt(j)um/, /ˈkɑsˌt͡ʃum/, /ˈkɑs.tʊm/, /ˈkɑs.təm/
• 韻: (noun, verb) -ɒstum, -ɒstjum, -ɒstʃum, -ɒstʊm, -ɒstəm, (verb) -uːm

名詞

costume (countable and uncountable, plural costumes)

1. A style of dress, including garments, accessories and hairstyle, especially as characteristic of a particular country, period or people.
   • 1971, Tonie Metie, “Unmasquerade”, in Body Politic, number 1, page 1:

     the sight of thousands of people gathered to watch men walk the streets openly in female costume

   • 2019, Krissy Aguilar, “Liza Soberano Apologizes for Comments on ‘Black Face’”, in Philippine Daily Inquirer:

     The apology came after a netizen claimed Soberano was supposedly doing a black face, but the latter said, in defense, it was just a “costume.”

2. An outfit or a disguise worn as fancy dress etc.

   We wore gorilla costumes to the party.

3. A set of clothes appropriate for a particular occasion or season.

   The bride wore a grey going-away costume.

4. A swimming costume.
   • 1966, Bruce Brown, director, The Endless Summer:

     They call their bathing suits down there "costumes."

使用する際の注意点

• Despite the meaning "traditional clothes," costume may be considered pejorative by some cultures as a reference to their own traditional dress, owing to interference from the sense "fancy dress, disguise" (such as if their traditional dress has often been appropriated by others as fancy dress). For example, many Indigenous North Americans disfavour the term costume to refer to their traditional and ritual garments and prefer the term regalia.

同意語

• getup
• outfit

派生語

関連する語

• customary
• custom

参考

• uniform

動詞

costume (third-person singular simple present costumes, present participle costuming, simple past and past participle costumed)

1. To dress or adorn with a costume or appropriate garb.
   • 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter XVIII, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:

     Seated on the carpet, by the side of this basin, was seen Mr. Rochester, costumed in shawls, with a turban on his head. His dark eyes and swarthy skin and Paynim features suited the costume exactly. He looked the very model of an Eastern emir, an agent or a victim of the bowstring.

   • 1942 March, “Notes and News: Monument to a Stillborn Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 88:

     "The Chengtu revolutionaries were fantastically colourful in the Szechwanese manner—they costumed themselves as heroes of the stage and their energies were chiefly occupied in tying ropes across the main streets so that when Imperial officials rode by in their litters they would have to get down and crawl under, losing face.

派生語

• recostume

参照

Further reading

• “costume”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “costume”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• custome