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Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
flavus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/16 23:17 UTC 版)
語源
Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Italic *flāwos. The term is often compared with Proto-Germanic *blēwaz and Proto-Celtic *blāwos, though it is difficult to reconstruct a single pre-form underlying all of these terms. De Vaan suggests that, should the Germanic and Celtic comparison be rejected, it is possible the reconstruct a pre-form *bʰl̥h₁wós. Alternatively, Schrijver suggests a connection with flōs, perhaps indicating a pre-form *bʰleh₃-wo-, which could explain the Germanic and Celtic forms if a delabialization of *bʰleh₃- to *bʰleh1/2- is presumed. Such a development is, however, highly speculative. Kroonen argues that the Germanic and Italo-Celtic forms may be unified under a single ablauting PIE u-stem *bʰléh₁-us ~ *bʰl̥h₁-wόs. However, Matasović suggests that the only possible means of connecting the Germanic to the Italo-Celtic terms would be to posit a vrddhi form *bʰlēh₂wo-, which he considers to be an ad hoc and speculative assertion.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈfɫaː.wʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈflaː.vus]
形容詞
flāvus (feminine flāva, neuter flāvum, comparative flāvior, superlative flāvissimus); first/second-declension adjective
使用する際の注意点
- One of the primary Latin terms used to describe hair color in prose, alongside niger, rūfus, rutilus, and cānus. Brown hair not dark enough to be considered niger could be described as subflāvus.
- As a color term, flāvus was considered a subset of rūfus. The light mixture it signified could have spectral power distribution that leaned toward medium (greenish) or longer (reddish) wavelengths, or could be less saturated (whitish). Marcus Fronto described the color term as ē viridī et rūfō et albō concrētus. See also fulvus.
- In the Augustan period, the word for a simple bright yellow that was used prosaically to describe flower parts and to speak of jaundice was often lūteus.
語形変化
First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | flāvus | flāva | flāvum | flāvī | flāvae | flāva | |
| genitive | flāvī | flāvae | flāvī | flāvōrum | flāvārum | flāvōrum | |
| dative | flāvō | flāvae | flāvō | flāvīs | |||
| accusative | flāvum | flāvam | flāvum | flāvōs | flāvās | flāva | |
| ablative | flāvō | flāvā | flāvō | flāvīs | |||
| vocative | flāve | flāva | flāvum | flāvī | flāvae | flāva | |
派生した語
- ⇒ Late Latin: flāvulus (diminutive)
- Neapolitan: javolo (“pallid”) (Irpino dialect)
- >? French: flou (disputed, see etymology)
参考
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “flāvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 225
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*blēwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 68
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*blāwo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 68
- ^ Bradley, M. (2009). Colour and Meaning in Ancient Rome. (Cambridge Classical Studies).
- “flavus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “flavus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "flavus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “flavus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “flavus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “flavus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhlē-ṷo-s”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 160
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