英和和英

別の表記

• basilisc

語源

From 中期英語 basilicke, borrowed from Old French basilique, from Latin basiliscus, from Ancient Greek βασιλίσκος (basilískos, literally “minor king or chieftain”), from βασιλεύς (basileús, “king”), possibly based on descriptions or rare encounters with different types of cobra which have crown-like patterns on their head; the 'deadly gaze' may have been from the spitting cobra's ability to spit venom into the eyes of predators or prey from a distance. The infohazard sense is a figurative reference to the deadly gaze of the mythical creature. Displaced native 古期英語 fāgwyrm.

発音

• IPA: /ˈbæzɪlɪsk/, /ˈbæsɪlɪsk/

名詞

basilisk (plural basilisks)

1. (mythology) A mythical snake-like dragon, so venomous that even its gaze is deadly.

   the deadly look of the basilisk

   • 1608, Edward Topsell, “Of the Cockatrice”, in The Historie of Serpents. Or, The Second Booke of Liuing Creatures: […], London: […] William Jaggard, →OCLC, page 124:

     The queſtion is in vvhat part of this Serpent the poyſon doth lye; Some ſay in the head alone, and that therefore the Bazeliske is deafe, bycauſe the Ayre vvhich ſerueth the Organe of hearing, is reſolued by the intenſiue calidity: but this ſeemeth not to bee true, […]

   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

     And without more ado she […] fixed her wonderful eyes upon me - more deadly than any Basilisk's - and pierced me through and through with their beauty, and sent her light laugh ringing through the air like chimes of silver bells.

   • 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 249:

     As a revolutionary act of prophecy in an age of political science, Wissenkunst is a unique and anarchic expression of freedom, and not a new and aspiring system of indoctrination. If Wissenkunst is itself turned into political apologetics, then the fabulous plumed serpent is turned into a monster, a basilisk.

2. (heraldry) A type of dragon used in heraldry.
3. Any tree-dwelling lizard of the genus Basiliscus: the basilisk lizard.
   • 1965 March, Boys' Life, page 52:

     As a guide to start your collection we'd suggest either iguanas, tejus, swifts, basilisks, horned toads or alligator lizards.

4. (weaponry) A type of large brass cannon.
   • c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act IIII, scene i:

     Awake ye men of Memphis, heare the clange / Of Scythian trumpets, heare the Baſiliſkes, / That roaring, ſhake Damaſcus turrets downe, […]

5. (philosophy, science fiction) An infohazard or cognitohazard, especially a Langford's basilisk.

   Hyponyms: Langford's basilisk, Roko's basilisk

   • 2019 June 13, Tom Chivers, The AI Does Not Hate You‎, Orion Publishing Group, →ISBN:

     A basilisk, in this context, is information that can hurt you simply because you are aware of it.

派生語

形容詞

basilisk (not comparable)

1. Suggesting a basilisk (snake-like dragon): baleful, spellbinding.
   • 1870, The British drama: illustrated, volume 4, page 997:

     Well, She is so basilisk; there's no death in her eyes […]

   • 1884, M. L. O'Byrne, Ill-won Peerages, Or, An Unhallowed Union, page 126:

     her gaze became more basilisk in its expression, and her countenance bore some similitude to that of a handsome fiend

   • 2004, Witi Tame Ihimaera, Whanau II, page 167:

     He had never seen her quite like this, so basilisk, so frightening