sinusとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaɪ.nəs/
• 韻: -aɪnəs

名詞

sinus (複数形 sinuses)

1. (anatomy, zootomy) A pouch or cavity in a bone or other tissue, especially one in the bones of the face or skull connecting with the nasal cavities (the paranasal sinus).

   Hyponyms: ethmoid sinus, frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, paranasal sinus, piriform sinus, Rokitansky-Aschoff sinus, sphenoid sinus

2. (anatomy) An irregular venous or lymphatic cavity, reservoir, or dilated vessel.

   Hyponyms: carotid sinus, cavernous sinus, coronary sinus, lateral sinus, petrosal sinus, sagittal sinus, sigmoid sinus, straight sinus, transverse sinus, venous sinus

   1. (physiology, attributive) Relating to or denoting the sinoatrial node of the heart or its function of regulating the heartbeat.
3. (pathology) An abnormal cavity or passage such as a fistula, leading from a deep-seated infection and discharging pus to the surface.
4. (botany) A rounded notch or depression between two lobes or teeth in the margin of a leaf or petal.
5. (geography) A bay of the sea; a recess in the shore.

派生語

参照

• “sinus”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
• “sinus”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.

アナグラム

• Sunis, nisus

Latin

語源 1

From Proto-Indo-European *sinos; akin to Albanian gji (“breast, bosom”).^[1]

The mathematical sense ‘chord of an arc, sine’ was introduced in the 12th century by Gherardo of Cremona as a semantic loan from Arabic جَيْب‎ (jayb, “chord, sine”) (ultimately a loan from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”)) by confusion with جَيْب‎ (jayb, “bosom, fold in a garment”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/, [ˈs̠ɪnʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/, [ˈsiːnus]

名詞

sinus m (genitive sinūs); fourth declension

1. (chiefly poetic) a bent surface; a curve, fold, hollow
2. (literally) the hanging fold of a toga over the breast; a pocket, lap

   Synonym: gremium

   1. (transferred sense)
      1. a purse, money, which was carried in the bosom of the toga
      2. (poetic) a garment
      3. the bosom, breast

         Synonym: pectus

   2. (figuratively)
      1. the bosom for love, protection, asylum
      2. the interior, inmost part of a thing
      3. a power, possession of someone
      4. a hiding place, place of concealment; a secret feeling
3. a gulf, bay, bight
   1. the land lying on or a point of land that helps to form a gulf
   2. a basin, hollow, valley
   3. (Medieval Latin) a fjord
4. (Medieval Latin, mathematics) the chord of an arc; a sine

Inflection

Fourth-declension noun.

派生語

• sinuō (verb)
• sinuōsus (adjective)

派生した語

語源 2

From Proto-Indo-European *sh₁ih₂sno-, deverbative of *seh₁y- ‘to sift, strain’ (compare Ancient Greek ἠθέω (ēthéō), Lithuanian sijóti, Serbo-Croatian sȉjati).^[2]

別の表記

• sīnum

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsiː.nus/, [ˈs̠iːnʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/, [ˈsiːnus]

名詞

sīnus m (genitive sīnī); second declension

1. a large round drinking vessel with swelling sides, shaped like a bowl

Inflection

Second-declension noun.

参照

• sinus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• sinum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• sinus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sinus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• sinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the heart of the city: sinus urbis (Sall. Cat. 52. 35)
    
  • the city is situate on a bay: urbs in sinu sita est
    
  • to rejoice in secret: in sinu gaudere (Tusc. 3. 21. 51)
    
  • to love and make a bosom friend of a person: aliquem in sinu gestare (aliquis est in sinu alicuius) (Ter. Ad. 4. 5. 75)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be driven into the arms of philosophy: in sinum philosophiae compelli
    
• sinus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sinus in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly