MUSLIMとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• Moslem (dated)

語源

Borrowed around 1615 from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim, “one who submits”), the active participle of أَسْلَمَ (ʔaslama, “he submitted”), verb form IV from the triliteral root س ل م (s l m), "to be whole, intact". The verbal noun إسْلام (ʔislām) means literally "submission". In a religious sense, الْإِسْلَام (al-ʔislām) translates to "faith, piety", and مُسْلِم (muslim) to "one who has (religious) faith or piety".

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈmʊz.lɪm/
• (Scotland, Northern Ireland) IPA: /ˈmʉz.lɪm/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈmʌz.ləm/, /ˈmʊz.lɪm/
• (more Arabized) IPA: /ˈmʊs.lɪm/, /ˈmʊs.ləm/
• 韻: -ʌzlɪm, -ʊzlɪm, -ʊslɪm

名詞

Muslim (plural Muslims)

1. An adherent of Islam.
   • 1626, Samuel Purchas, Purchas his Pilgrimage, or Relations of the World, fourth edition, page 1019: lines 19-21:

     It was gouerned by Macuac, which conditioned with Amrus that euery Egyptian should pay an Egyptian peece of Gold, and to entertaine three dayes euery Muslim which passed that way.

   • 2006, Howard Greenstein, Kendra G. Hotz, John Kaltner, What Do Our Neighbors Believe?, →ISBN:

     Muslims invented the concept of zero, which is a foundation for the numbering system used throughout the world.

   • 2023 November 22, Brammhi Balarajan, “US interfaith communities draw on decades-long bonds to navigate Israel-Hamas War”, in CNN‎, archived from the original on 7 July 2025:

     “At the end of the day, Jews and Muslims are cousins,” Alhomsi said.

2. A person who internalizes the Islamic cultural tradition, or way of thinking, as a frame of reference.
   • 2009, Haideh Moghissi, Saeed Rahnema, Mark Goodman, Diaspora by Design: Muslim Immigrants in Canada and Beyond‎, →ISBN, page 9:

     These secular Muslims, identified on the basis of cultural origin, are recognized neither by devout Muslims nor by average citizens or mainstream media in the West.

   • 2012, Cara Aitchison, Mei-Po Kwan, Peter Hopkins, Geographies of Muslim Identities: Diaspora, Gender and Belonging‎, →ISBN, page 147:

     Of course, the ⟨five⟩ pillars of faith do not represent all rituals important to Muslims; and ways were developed in which they could subsume other rituals under the politically safe rubrics of nationalism or culture, which from the earliest times until the 1980s were not generally topics attacked by the government. From this practice the concepts of 'cultural Muslim', 'ethnic Muslim' and, less frequently, 'nationalist Muslim' evolved.

   • 2020 July 6, Kia Abdullah, The i Paper‎:

     Unfortunately, unlike “secular Jew” or “cultural Jew”, the term “cultural Muslim” isn’t widely understood.

3. (chiefly historical) A member of a predominantly Muslim South Slavic ethnic group (usually a Bosniak), irrespective of actual religious beliefs (used historically in Yugoslavia but persisting to some degree in some former Yugoslav states).

同意語

• See Thesaurus:Muslim

上位語

• Abrahamist; monotheist; theist, religionist

下位語

• Sunni, Shi'a/Shiite, Sufi/Sufist, Ahle Quran, Salafite, Muwahhid, Quranist, Moorish Scientist, Ismaili/Ismailite/Ishmaelite, Zahirist, Ahmadi (controversial), 5 percenter, Ibadist, ghair muqallid, Hanafite
• jihadist/jihadi, mujahid

等位語

派生語

形容詞

Muslim (comparative more Muslim, superlative most Muslim)

1. Being or relating to a believer of Islam.
   • 2009, Irene Silverblatt, “Foreword”, in Andrew B. Fisher, Matthew D. O'hara, editors, Imperial Subjects: Race and Identity in Colonial Latin America, page xi:

     The notion of blood purity was first elaborated in Europe, where it was used to separate Old Christians from Spain’s New Christians—women and men of Jewish and Muslim origin whose ancestors had converted to Christianity.

   • 2023 November 22, Brammhi Balarajan, “US interfaith communities draw on decades-long bonds to navigate Israel-Hamas War”, in CNN‎, archived from the original on 7 July 2025:

     Kaplan-Miller said she first joined the Sisterhood of Salaam Shalom, an interfaith organization that was founded by a Muslim and a Jewish woman in suburban New Jersey, shortly after the 2016 election.

同意語

• Islamic

反意語

• non-Muslim
• kafir

派生語

固有名詞

Muslim

1. A barangay of Guindulungan, Maguindanao del Sur, Philippines.

参照

Further reading

• “Muslim”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• Muslim in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “Muslim”, in The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• limmus