Templumとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/06/13 14:26 UTC 版)

古期英語

発音

IPA: /ˈtem.plum/

名詞

templum

dative plural of tempel

ラテン語

語源

Term of uncertain origin, with no parallels in other Italic languages.

Possibly a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temp- (“to stretch, pull”), whence Latvian tem̃pti (“to pull, stretch”), Old Norse þǫmb (“bow”), and further possibly Proto-Slavic *tętivà (“bowstring”), Old Armenian թամբ (tʻamb, “saddle”). Assuming a shift from “to stretch” to “to measure”, meant as the calculation of the aruspices. Compare also extempulō and more distantly tempus, tendō.
Parallel formation to Ancient Greek τέμενος (témenos, “sacred enclosure”), reflecting Proto-Indo-European *témh₁-lom, from *temh₁- (“to cut”). The -p- would hence be epenthetic as in exemplum. Further related to temnō, tondeō.

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtɛm.pɫũː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈt̪ɛm.plum]

名詞

templum n (genitive templī); second declension

an open space for augural observation; open, clear, broad space
a space dedicated to a deity; place of divine worship; sanctuary, shrine, temple

Synonyms: sacellum, delūbrum, fānum, āra, aedis
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.511:
  
  templa deō fīunt
  
  Temples to the god are built
  Shrines to the god are made [there]

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	templum	templa
genitive	templī	templōrum
dative	templō	templīs
accusative	templum	templa
ablative	templō	templīs
vocative	templum	templa

派生語

contemplor
templāris
templātim

派生した語

Romance borrowings:

→ Asturian: templu
→ Catalan: temple
→ Friulian: templi
→ Italian: tempio, templo
→ Judeo-Italian: טֵינְפֵילוֹ (ṭenəpelo /⁠tenpelo⁠/)
→ Occitan: temple
→ Old French: temple
- French: tempe
- → Middle English: temple
  - English: temple
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: templo
- Galician: templo
- Portuguese: templo
→ Old Spanish: templo
- Spanish: templo
→ Piedmontese: tempi, templi

Non-Romance borrowings:

→ Albanian: tempull, tëmbla
→ Byzantine Greek: τέμπλον (témplon)
- Greek: τέμπλο (témplo)
→ Hungarian: templom
→ Old Irish: tempul (see there for further descendants)
→ Proto-Brythonic: *temple
- Breton: templ
- Cornish: tempel
- Middle Welsh: temhyl
  - Welsh: teml
→ Proto-West Germanic: *templ (see there for further descendants)

参照

^ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “templum”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 659ff.
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “temp-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1064f.
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 610f.
^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “templum”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 681

“templum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“templum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"templum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
templum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to make a pilgrimage to the shrines of the gods: templa deorum adire
“templum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“templum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

[1] Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “templum”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 659ff.

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “temp-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1064f.

[3] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 610f.

[4] Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “templum”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 681

Templumとは意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「Templum」の意味

templum

発音

名詞

語源

発音

名詞

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

参照

「Templum」のお隣キーワード

Templumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「Templum」の意味

templum

発音

名詞

語源

発音

名詞

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

参照

「Templum」のお隣キーワード

Templumとは意味・読み方・使い方