aridusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From āreō (“I am dry, I am parched”) +‎ -idus.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈaː.rɪ.dʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈaː.ri.dus]

形容詞

āridus (feminine ārida, neuter āridum, superlative āridissimus); first/second-declension adjective

1. dry, parched, withered, arid

   Montes aridi sterilesque.

   Parched and barren mountains.

   Arida ligna.

   Dry wood.

   Terra arida et sicca.

   An arid and dry ground.

2. (used substantively)
   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 4.24:

     […] cum illī aut ex āridō aut paulum in aquam prōgressī, omnibus membrīs expedītīs, nōtissimīs locīs […] .

     […] meanwhile, [the Britons], either [fighting] from the dry [land] or having waded only slightly into the surf, had all their limbs free and knew the ground perfectly […] .

3. (of things) dry, lean, meagre, shrivelled; withered (e.g. from disease)

   Uvis aridior puella passis.[1]

   A damsel drier than the raisin'd grape.

   Vita horrida atque arida.

   Rough and meagre life.

4. (rhetorical style, orators) uninspired, jejune, spiritless

   Aridi magistri.

   Uninspired teachers.

   Sicci omnino atque aridi pueri.

   Sapless lads, altogether, and dry.

5. (slang) avaricious, someone greedy or stingy (confer the tongue-in-cheek term Argentiexterebronides (“the name of one who is skilled in extorting money; a sponger”))

使用する際の注意点

• Sometimes used of thirst; sitis arida guttor urit (“thirst unquenched still burns all his throat”) and os aridum habens (“having a dry mouth”)
• Of a fever meaning to "cause thirst"; used with febris (“fever”) and morbus (“sickness, illness”)
• Of color; arbor folio convoluto, arido colore.
• Also used of cracking or snapping sound, as when dry wood is broken; aridus sonus and aridus fragor both refer to a dry, grating, half-crackling sound, as in aridus altis Montibus incipit audiri fragor (“a dry crackling noise begins to be heard in the high mountain forest”)

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “aridus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “aridus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “aridus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the dry, lifeless style: oratio exilis, ieiuna, arida, exsanguis
    
  • to haul up a boat: navem subducere (in aridum)