pactumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpaːk.tum/, [ˈpäːkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpak.tum/, [ˈpäkt̪um]

Participle

pāctum

1. inflection of pāctus (“fixed, fastened”):
   1. accusative masculine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular

語源 2

Originally from pacīscor (“to arrange by negotiation”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to fix; settle”), whence also pāx (“peace”). Not easily distinguishable from Etymology 1 already in Proto-Indo-European, which might reflect an eventual merger of a split outcome of the same root.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpak.tum/, [ˈpäkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpak.tum/, [ˈpäkt̪um]
• Note: the derivational confusion likely entailed uncertainty about the length of the -a-; nevertheless the vowel reduction in compectum indicates its original shortness.

Participle

pactum

1. inflection of pactus (“arranged by negotiation, agreed”):
   1. accusative masculine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular

名詞

pactum n (genitive pactī); second declension

1. an agreement, bargain, pact

   Synonyms: compositum, condiciō, stipulātiō

2. (in adverbial expressions) a means, manner, method, consideration

   Synonyms: modus, ratiō, via

   quō pactō possum vīvere sī..? ― how can I live when..?

   • Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 32:

     quo pacto ius nostrum adipiscamur

     how we may obtain our right

   • Cicero, In Catilinam I 17:

     Servi mehercule mei si me isto pacto metuerent ut te metuunt omnes cives tui, domum meum relinquendam putarem

     If my servants feared me in such a manner as all your countrymen fear you, I should think that I need to leave my house

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

別の表記

• pactus, -ūs (Late Latin)

関連する語

• compectum
• pactiō
• pactīcius

派生した語

参照

• “pango, pago, paco” in volume 10, part 1, column 203, line 13 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
• “pactum; pactus” on page 1410 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pangō; pāx”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442; 452

Further reading

• “pactum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pactum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pactum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• pactum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette