vulnusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈvʌlnəs/

名詞

vulnus (複数形 vulnera)

1. (medicine, formal) A wound.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     I was once, I remember, called to a patient who had received a violent contusion in his tibia, by which the exterior cutis was lacerated, so that there was a profuse sanguinary discharge; and the interior membranes were so divellicated, that the os or bone very plainly appeared through the aperture of the vulnus or wound.

   • 1999, Acta classica (volumes 42-43, page 89)

     But for the veterans in the Pannonian legions, their vulnera were no longer their tokens of honour, but an indication of the severity of service in the army.

関連する語

• vuln
• vulnerable
• vulnerate

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *welanos, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *welh₃- (“to hit”). Cognate with Latin vellō.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯ul.nus/, [ˈu̯ʊɫ̪nʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvul.nus/, [ˈvulnus]

名詞

vulnus n (genitive vulneris); third declension

1. wound, injury

   Synonyms: damnum, dētrīmentum, incommoditās, calamitās, pauperiēs, maleficium, iniūria, noxa, fraus, plāga

2. (figuratively) blow

   Synonyms: colaphus, pulsus, ictus, plāga

3. incision

   Synonyms: cicātrīx, incīsiō

4. misfortune, calamity, disaster

   Synonyms: plāga, dētrīmentum, incommodum, clādēs, incommoditās, cāsus, perniciēs, exitium, īnfortūnium, miseria, calamitās, malum, cruciātus, nūbēs

   Antonyms: commodum, commoditās

5. a loss in a battle

   Synonyms: clādēs, calamitās, incommodum, dētrīmentum

   Antonym: victōria

語形変化

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

派生語

関連する語

• vulnerābilis
• vulnerātiō
• vulnerātor

参考

• ulcus

参照

• “vulnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vulnus in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• vulnus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vulnus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to wound a person (also used metaphorically): vulnus infligere alicui
    
  • to be (seriously, mortally) wounded: vulnus (grave, mortiferum) accipere, excipere
    
  • after many had been wounded on both sides: multis et illatis et acceptis vulneribus (B. G. 1. 50)
    
  • weakened by wounds: vulneribus confectus
    
  • to open an old wound: refricare vulnus, cicatricem obductam
    
  • to die of wounds: ex vulnere mori (Fam. 10. 33)
    
  • the victory cost much blood and many wounds, was very dearly bought: victoria multo sanguine ac vulneribus stetit (Liv. 23. 30)
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera (cicatrices) adversa (opp. aversa)
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera adverso corpore accepta