英和和英

語源 1

From Middle English asse, from 古期英語 assa, back-formed from assen (“she-ass”), from Celtic (compare Old Irish asan, Old Cornish asen), from Latin asinus. Displaced 古期英語 esol, from Proto-West Germanic *asil, also a loanword from the same Latin word.

名詞

ass (複数形 asses)

1. Any of several species of horse-like animals, especially Equus asinus, the domesticated of which are used as beasts of burden.

   Synonym: donkey

   • 1650, Thomas Browne, “Of the Same [i.e., the Blacknesse of Negroes]”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC, 6th book, page 282:

     Thus the Aſſe having a peculiar mark of a croſſe made by a black liſt down his back, and another athwart, or at right angles down his ſhoulders; common opinion aſcribes this figure unto a peculiar ſignation; ſince that beaſt had the honour to bear our Saviour on his back.

   • 1972, Parliament of the United Kingdom, “Part I, section 20(3)”, in Road Traffic Act 1972‎^[1], page 14:

     In this section "animal" means any horse, cattle, ass, mule, sheep, pig, goat or dog.

2. (slang, mildly vulgar) A stupid person.

   Synonyms: fool, idiot

   That new kid left the cap off the syrup bottle again! What an ass.

   • 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London, New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

     I had sprung to my feet. I was speaking, and yet I had prepared no words. Tarp Henry, my companion, was plucking at my skirts and I heard him whispering, "Sit down, Malone! Don't make a public ass of yourself."

3. (printing, slang, obsolete) A compositor.
   • 1841, William Savage, Dictionary of the Art of Printing‎^[2], page 24:

     Sometimes by way of joke, and sometimes by way of irritation, compositors are called Asses by the pressmen.

下位語

• (beast of burden): donkey, onager, wild ass

派生語

関連する語

• asinine

参考

• Appendix:Animals
• Appendix:English collective nouns

語源 2

Variant of arse; used chiefly in North America. Ultimately from Middle English ars, ers, from 古期英語 ærs, ears, from Proto-West Germanic *ars, from Proto-Germanic *arsaz (compare Old High German ars (German Arsch), Old Norse ars, Old Frisian ers), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (compare Ancient Greek ὄρρος (órrhos)).

形容詞

ass (not comparable)

1. (vulgar, slang) Of low quality; bad.
   • 2019 February 5, Alex Miller, “Former Texas A&M QB Nick Starkel breaks down old Twitter beef with Tate Martell”, in Dallas Morning News‎^[3]:

     On a recent episode of "The Justin Dunning Podcast," Starkel shared his thoughts on Martell, a former Ohio State quarterback, saying "he's ass my dude" in reference to Starkel.

   • 2021 February 21, Thomas Carannante, “Patriots: Cam Newton getting disrespected by a teenager is everything that’s wrong with society”, in Fansided‎^[4]:

     For some reason, the teenager thought it’d be a good idea to criticize Newton and say he's "ass" and that he’s "about to be poor" because he's a free agent.

   • 2021 October 28, Josh Weinfuss, “What we learned about Arizona Cardinals quarterback Kyler Murray by watching him on Twitch”, in ESPN‎^[5]:

     "You're so ass," Murray says to another player.

名詞

ass (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 asses)

2. (vulgar, slang, countable and uncountable) The buttocks.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:buttocks

3. (vulgar, slang, countable and uncountable) The anus.
   • 1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 81:

     Train compartment: two sick young junkies on their way to Lexington tear their pants down in convulsions of lust. One of them soaps his cock and works it up the other's ass with a corkscrew motion.

4. (vulgar, slang, objectifying, uncountable) Sex; a person to have sex with; with vulgar emphasis on their corporeality (their body) over their personhood.

   Synonyms: poontang, poon, punani, pussy, tail, tang; see also Thesaurus:copulation

   I'm going to go down to the bar and try to get me some ass.

   • 1971, Joni Mitchell (lyrics かつ music), “Blue”, in Blue:

     Acid, booze, and ass / Needles, guns, and grass

5. (vulgar, slang, uncountable) Used in similes to express something bad or unpleasant.

   I feel like ass today. ― I am feeling very bad today.

   This room smells like ass. ― This room smells very bad.

   What a bunch of ass. ― What a bunch of lies/nonsense/disappointment.

7. (vulgar, slang, metonymically, objectifying, countable) A person; the self; (reflexively) oneself or one's person, chiefly their body. By extension, one's personal safety, or figuratively one's job, prospects, etc.

   Coordinate terms: face; hide

   Get your lazy ass out of bed!

   We risk our asses out there every day.

   I'ma get medieval on your ass! (idiomatic sense "on you" (compare go crazy on you), not literally and specifically "on your buttocks")

使用する際の注意点

• When used metonymically to refer to a (whole) person, it adds a tone of anger or disapproval to the whole sentence:
  • "he has trouble getting his ass up in the morning" is much stronger and more negative than "he has trouble getting up in the morning".
• The disapproval may not be of the person so referred to:
  • "And who do you think has to clean this mess up? My ass does!" (Does not indicate disapproval of the speaker themselves, but rather of the people who made the mess.)
    • (A hint of jaded self-perception may be perceived: "I realize how they see me!")
• Such usage is usually considered vulgar and is thus usually confined to casual/informal registers; its use in formal contexts is mildly offensive.
• Its semantic essence is objectification of a person (even, occasionally, of oneself), whereby a chief body part metonymically represents the whole self, with a connotation emphasizing the person's corporeality over their personhood (from that viewpoint, compare also watch his hide, show his face, what's-his-face, meatbag, または crackhead).
• Its declined forms function pronominally in syntax, which is to say (regarding part of speech), they are pronouns:
  • my ass = I, me, myself
  • your ass = you, you, yourself
  • his ass = he, him, himself
  • her ass = she, her, herself
  • your asses = y'all, y'all, yourselves
  • their asses = they, them, themselves

派生語

不変化詞

ass

1. Synonym of -ass (“used to intensify an adjective”)

   That was one big ass fish!

   That's an expensive ass car!

Further reading

• Archibald A. Hill (1940), “Early Loss of [r] before Dentals”, in PMLA, volume 55, issue 2, →DOI, pages 308-359
• L. Sprague de Camp (1971), “Arse and ass”, in Journal of the International Phonetic Association, volume 1, issue 2, →DOI, pages 79–80

アナグラム

• SAS, SSA, Sas

接尾辞

-ass (originally African-American Vernacular, chiefly Canada, 米国用法, slang, vulgar)

2. Used to intensify an adjective.

   That's a big-ass wrench you've got there.

   • 2006 October 1, Dennis Lehane, “Refugees”, in The Wire, season 4, episode 4, 00:32:06:

     Wilson: He's right. They endorse Royce, fine, 'the hell else they gonna do? But what they say and don't say from the pulpit the Sunday before the primary we still got a dog in that fight.
     Carcetti: I do this right, they respect it.
     Wilson: An' if they don't, at least they get to see a beggin’-ass white man on his knees. Always a feel-good moment for the folks.

   • 2012, Joss Whedon, The Avengers, Marvel Studios:

     I recognize that the council has made a decision, but given that it's a stupid-ass decision, I've elected to ignore it.

   • 2018, “Work It”, in Working Class Woman, performed by Marie Davidson:

     You've got to work with me
     Now, I don't wanna see any fake-ass workers
     I need real builders

4. Used to convert an adjective into a noun for a person who has that trait.

   Don't be such a broke-ass—you can afford a fast-food run today!

6. Resembling.

   That's some Nixon-ass shit he's pulling.

   He is acting in a way that closely resembles Nixon's actions.

同意語

• (resembling): quasi-, para-, -oid, -form/-iform, -esque, -ish, -ly, (forms adjectives from nouns only) -like, -some, -y

派生語

参考

• assed

アナグラム

• SAS, SSA, Sas