GUILTとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ɡɪlt/
• 異形同音異義語: gilt, GILT
• 韻: -ɪlt

語源 1

From 中期英語 gilt, gult, from 古期英語 gylt (“guilt, sin, offense, crime, fault”), of obscure origin. Possibly related with 古期英語 ġieldan (“to pay, requite, punish”) (whence yield), from Proto-West Germanic *guldijā (whence Middle High German gülte (“debt, fee, financial duty”), Middle Low German gülde, German Gülte), from Proto-West Germanic *geldan (“to pay for”), from Proto-Germanic *geldaną (“to pay”). However, neither the 古期英語 stem form nor its ending -t (instead of -d) fit the continental form.

名詞

guilt (usually uncountable, plural guilts)

1. Responsibility for wrongdoing.

   Synonyms: guiltiness; see also Thesaurus:guilt

   Antonyms: innocence; see also Thesaurus:innocence

2. (law) The state of having been found guilty or admitted guilt in legal proceedings.

   Antonym: innocence

3. Regret for having done wrong.

   Synonyms: remorse; see also Thesaurus:remorse

   • 2018, Timothy R. Jennings, The Aging Brain, →ISBN, page 158:

     Appropriate guilt is experienced when we actually do something objectively wrong—for example, exploit another, betray a trust, and so on. […] Inappropriate guilt occurs from believing a lie and is resolved by an application of the truth.

派生語

参考

• regret

語源 2

From 中期英語 gilten, gylten, from 古期英語 gyltan (“to commit sin, be guilty”), from gylt (“guilt, sin, offense, crime, fault”).

動詞

guilt (third-person singular simple present guilts, present participle guilting, simple past and past participle guilted)

1. (intransitive, obsolete) To commit offenses; act criminally.

語源 3

From Etymology 1.

動詞

guilt (third-person singular simple present guilts, present participle guilting, simple past and past participle guilted)

1. (transitive, informal) To cause someone to feel guilt, particularly in order to influence their behaviour.

   He didn't want to do it, but his wife guilted him into it.

   • 1988, John Bradshaw, Healing the shame that binds you:

     Shame based parents would have guilted him for expressing anger.

   • 1992, Melody Beattie, Codependent No More: how to stop controlling others and start caring for yourself:

     We don't have to be manipulated, guilted, coerced, or forced into anything.

   • 1995, Nora Roberts, True Betrayals:

     But I won't be threatened or bribed or guilted into giving up something that's important to me.

語源 4

形容詞

guilt (not comparable)

1. Obsolete form of gilt (“gilded”)
   • 1696, The Connoisseur, volume 5, published 1903, page 204:

     Two silver monteths, two large fflaggons, two large tankards, two silver salvers, a voyder and a knyfe, two silver salts, two guilt bolls of the like size, one other boll, three silver bolls, in all 24 pieces guilt and unguilt.