PRIONとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From (a reordering of) the initial letters of proteinaceous infectious particle. Coined by American neurologist and biochemist Stanley B. Prusiner in 1982.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈpɹiːɒn/, /ˈpɹaɪən/; for more information, see prion § Etymology and pronunciation (Wikipedia).
• 韻: -iːɒn, -aɪən

名詞

prion (plural prions)

1. (molecular biology) A self-propagating misfolded conformer of a protein that is responsible for a number of diseases that affect the brain and other neural tissue.
   • 1987, Molecular Biology of the Human Brain: Proceedings of an Upjohn-UCLA Symposium, Held in Keystone, Colorado, April 19–26, 1987, volume 72, page 168:

     Prion disease shares many features.

   • 1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 277:

     Prions retain deep mysteries, the foremost of which is what on earth they exist for.

   • 2021 July 28, Barbara Casassus, “France issues moratorium on prion research after fatal brain disease strikes two lab workers”, in Science‎:

     Five public research institutions in France have imposed a 3-month moratorium on the study of prions—a class of misfolding, infectious proteins that cause fatal brain diseases—after a retired lab worker who handled prions in the past was diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the most common prion disease in humans.

派生語

参考

• bovine spongiform encephalopathy
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
• kuru
• mad cow disease
• New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
• scrapie
• chronic wasting disease
• viroid

語源 2

From Prion (former genus name), from Ancient Greek πρίων (príōn, “saw”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈpɹaɪən/ (Can we verify this pronunciation?)
• 韻: -aɪən

名詞

prion (plural prions)

1. A petrel of the genera Pachyptila and Halobaena.

同意語

• (petrel of the genus Pachyptila): pachyptile (rare)

派生語

アナグラム

• Ripon, orpin, ponir, porin, proin, rip on, ripon