ANTIとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Conversion of the prefix anti- to an adjective.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈæn.ti/
• 韻: -ænti
• Homophone: auntie (in some accents)

形容詞

anti (comparative more anti, superlative most anti)

1. Opposed to something.
2. (physical chemistry) That has a torsion angle between 90° and 180°

等位語

• (chemistry): syn

名詞

anti (plural antis)

1. A person opposed to a concept or principle.

   Synonyms: opponent, opposer

   • 2002, Thomas Jablonsky, “Female Opposition: The Anti-Suffrage Campaign”, in Jean H. Baker, editor, Votes for Women: The Struggle for Suffrage Revisited (Viewpoints on American culture), Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 121:

     On one occasion, franchise supporters accused antis of dumping lemons, wet sponges, rolls of ticker tape, bags of water, and garbage pails on innocent suffrage supporters parading outside the anti-suffrage offices.

   • 2012, H. Paul Thompson, Jr., A Most Stirring and Significant Episode: Religion and the Rise and Fall of Prohibition in Black Atlanta, 1865–1887, page 222:

     Antis jumped on this announcement, calling it vote buying and indicative of the hypocrisy of prohibitionists who talked incessantly in the first election about the immorality of the antis' vote-buying efforts.

2. (fandom slang, often derogatory) A fan who objects to a particular creator, franchise, fandom, character, ship, etc., especially on moral or sociopolitical grounds.

   Synonyms: fancop, fandomentalist, fandom Frollo, fanpol, fanti, Frollo

   • 2018, Sarah Leiser, "Throne of Fans: Examining the Roles of Feminism, Platform, and Community in an Online Fandom", thesis submitted to the University of Denver, page 94:

     While I did not directly analyze how the antis define feminism, it appears that they believe Sarah J Maas as an author is a white feminist and therefore unable to write anything feminist.

   • 2019, Emily E. Roach, "Supernatural: Wincest and Dean Winchester's Bisexual Panic", in "From Canon to Politics: Queerbaiting and The CW's Supergirl", in Queerbaiting and Fandom: Teasing Fans Through Homoerotic Possibilities (ed. Joseph Brennan), page 89:

     Other fans or viewers are thus not coded as fans but instead positioned as either homophobic, angry "antis" (even if they ship Johnlock or other queer ships) or as the outsider "casuals" who aren't dedicated or smart or invested enough to properly interpret Sherlock.

   • 2021, Rebecca Williams, A Fan Studies Primer: Method, Research, Ethics‎, page 72:

     The VLD fandom especially has cultivated a definition of antis as ones against a moral or societal ill (e.g., pedophilia, incest).

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:anti.

反意語

• pro

前置詞

anti

1. (rare) Alternative form of anti-.
   • 2000, Bill Oddie, Gripping Yarns, page 21:

     I do not consider myself either a twitcher or an expert. Neither am I anti twitching.

参考

• anti-

アナグラム

• nait, Atin, ain't, aniṭ, Tian, tain, tian, tina, Tani, aint, Tain, TINA, -itan, NAIT, Tina

語源 1

From Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”). Cognate with 古期英語 and- (“against, in return, back, un-”), German ent- (“off, away, un-”). Doublet of ante- and un-.

接頭辞

anti-

1. Against, opposed to.

   Synonym: counter-

   Antonym: pro-

   ‎anti- + ‎abortion → ‎antiabortion

   ‎anti- + ‎racism → ‎antiracism

   • 2025 May 21, Julian Coman, “Maga Catholics are on a collision course with Leo XIV. They have good reason to fear him”, in The Guardian‎, archived from the original on 1 June 2025:

     In the outer reaches of the Magasphere, it would be fair to say the advent of the first pope from the US has not been greeted with unbridled enthusiasm. Take Laura Loomer, the thirtysomething influencer and conspiracy theorist, whose verdict on Leo XIV was as instant as it was theologically uninformed: “Anti-Trump, anti-Maga, pro-open Borders, and a total Marxist like Pope Francis.”

2. Counteracting, neutralizing.

   Synonym: counter-

   ‎anti- + ‎aircraft → ‎antiaircraft

   ‎anti- + ‎freeze → ‎antifreeze

   ‎anti- + ‎bacterial → ‎antibacterial

3. The opposite of what is typically expected.

   ‎anti- + ‎hero → ‎antihero (“a protagonist who acts in an unheroic manner”)

   ‎anti- + ‎climax → ‎anticlimax (“a failed or reverse climax”)

   ‎anti- + ‎chess → ‎antichess (“a variant of chess where the goal is to lose all of one's pieces”)

4. Physically opposite, reverse in position or direction.

   ‎anti- + ‎clockwise → ‎anticlockwise

   ‎anti- + ‎Arctic → ‎Antarctic

5. A rival or counterpart to.

   ‎anti- + ‎pope → ‎antipope (“a person who claims to be the real pope”)

   ‎anti- + ‎Christ → ‎Antichrist

6. (particle physics) Composed of antimatter.

   ‎anti- + ‎electron → ‎antielectron

   ‎anti- + ‎galaxy → ‎antigalaxy

7. (immunology) Reacting with immunoglobins found in the specified animal.

   ‎anti- + ‎rabbit → ‎antirabbit

   ‎anti- + ‎horse → ‎antihorse

使用する際の注意点

• anti- should not be confused with the prefix ante- of Latin (not Greek) origin meaning “before”. (However, anti- does exist as a variant spelling of ante- in some borrowed words, such as anticipate and antipasto, but this spelling cannot be used to coin English words.)
• anti- sometimes becomes ant- before words beginning in a vowel, as does ante-: antacid.
• In British English, the anti- forms are often hyphenated as evidenced by OED's many anti- entries using hyphen. However, the exact convention significantly varies.
• GPO manual recommends using a hyphen when prefixing capitalized words except when usage dictates otherwise. This is matched by usual practice: anti-American or anti-Christian.

派生語

参考

語源 2

接頭辞

anti-

1. Obsolete form of ante-.

   antichamber, antiport, antiroom

   • 1818, “A′ntiport”, in Samuel Johnson [author of original edition], edited by H[enry] J[ohn] Todd, A Dictionary of the English Language; […], volume I, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown;  […], →OCLC, signature AA, recto, column 2:

     A′ntiport.* n[oun] s[ubstantive] [Fr[ench] antiporte, Lat[in] ante and portus.] An outward gate or door. It should be written anteport.

   • 1956 December, Richard Bernheimer, “Theatrum Mundi”, in James S[loss] Ackerman, editor, The Art Bulletin, volume XXXVIII, number 4, New York, N.Y.: College Art Association of America, →ISSN, →OCLC, section III, page 237:

     When Eleanor of Toledo entered her future capital in 1539, the decorations at the city gate had still been on a small scale, consisting of an antiportico, which may or may not have been embellished with painting and sculptures.

参考

• anti

参照

Further reading

• “anti-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “anti-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “anti-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN. -- lists many derived terms

アナグラム

• nait, Atin, ain't, aniṭ, Tian, tain, tian, tina, Tani, aint, Tain, TINA, -itan, NAIT, Tina