vetoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈviːtəʊ/
  • (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈviːtoʊ/
    • Flapping is optional: IPA^(key): [ˈviːɾoʊ] or IPA^(key): [ˈviːtʰoʊ].
  • 韻: -iːtəʊ

名詞

veto (複数形 vetoes または vetos)

1. A political right to disapprove of (かつ thereby stop) the process of a decision, a law etc.
2. An invocation of that right.
   • 1978, Nixon, Richard, “The Presidency 1973-1974”, in RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon‎^[1], Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 1078:

     I called Haig in and told him that I wanted to veto the agricultural appropriations bill we had discussed in the Cabinet meeting on Tuesday, because I did not want Ford to have to do it on his first day as President. Haig brought the veto statement in, and I signed it. It was the last piece of legislation I acted on as President.

3. An authoritative prohibition or negative; a forbidding; an interdiction.
   • 1876, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter 44, in Daniel Deronda, volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:

     This contemptuous veto of her husband's on any intimacy with her family.

4. A technique or mechanism for discarding what would otherwise constitute a false positive in a scientific experiment
   • 2021 J.R. Wilson and the Hyper-Kamiokande Collaboration 2021 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2156 012153

     An outer detector (OD) region will act as both a passive shield for low energy backgrounds and an active veto for cosmic ray muons.

動詞

veto (三人称単数 現在形 vetoes, 現在分詞 vetoing, 過去形および過去分詞形 vetoed)

1. (transitive) To use a veto against.

アナグラム

• Tove, Vote, to've, vote

Latin

語源

From earlier votō, votāre, from Proto-Italic *wetā(je)-, from Proto-Indo-European *weth₂- (“to say”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯e.toː/, [ˈu̯ɛt̪oː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈve.to/, [ˈvɛːt̪o]

動詞

vetō (present infinitive vetāre, perfect active vetuī, supine vetitum); first conjugation

1. I forbid, prevent, prohibit
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.39:

     “Quippe vetor fātīs.”

     “No doubt it is forbidden by the Fates.”
     (Juno seeks to destroy the Trojans despite the will of the Fates.)

   Synonyms: prohibeō, abdīcō

2. I advise not to
   • 1st c. BC, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum :

     Pragmatici homines omnibus historiis, praeceptis, versibus denique cavere iubent et vetant credere.

     Prudent men in all their histories, teachings and verse besides tell us to beware and advise us not to believe.

3. I oppose, veto.

   Synonyms: oppōnō, adversor, obversor, refrāgor, recūsō, repugnō, restō, resistō, officiō, subsistō, dīvertō, resistō, obstō

   • 1st century AD, Seneca Minor, Troades, line 334

     Quod nōn vetat lēx, hoc vetat fierī pudor.

     What law forbids not, decency forbids be done.

Conjugation

間投詞

vetō

1. I forbid it! I protest!

使用する際の注意点

• Used in the Senate by tribunes to oppose objectionable measures.

派生した語

参照

• “veto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “veto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• veto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) an old proverb tells us not to..: vetamur vetere proverbio
    
  • the law orders, forbids (expressly, distinctly): lex iubet, vetat (dilucide, planissime)
    
  • (ambiguous) an old proverb tells us not to..: vetamur vetere proverbio
    
  • (ambiguous) to give up old customs: a vetere consuetudine discedere
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ve/otō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 672