tankとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /tæŋk/
  • (æ-tensing) IPA^(key): [ˈtɛəŋk]
• 韻: -æŋk

語源 1

From Portuguese tanque (“tank, liquid container”), originally from Indian vernacular for a large artificial water reservoir, cistern, pool, etc., for example, Gujarati ટાંકી (ṭā̃kī) or Marathi टाकी (ṭākī). Compare the Arabic verb اِسْتَنْقَعَ‎ (istanqaʕa, “to become stagnant, to stagnate”).

In the sense of armoured vehicle, first attested in 1915, prototypes were described as tanks for carrying water to disguise their nature as well as due to physical resemblance.

名詞

tank (複数形 tanks)

1. A closed container for liquids or gases.

   The propane is stored in these tanks.

   The tank contains unfiltered water. You really shouldn't drink from that.

   • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 29:

     The other room was a kitchen, with an open fireplace, a safe, a dresser and a tin sink, with a tap from the tank outside.

2. An open container or pool for storing water or other liquids.

   The contractors installed a new tank with gorgeous fish and corals.

   The ore slurries are directed into an open tank outside the excavation site.

3. A pond, pool, or small lake (either natural または artificial)^[1].
   • 1896, Henry Lawson, Out Back:

     The tanks are full and the grass is high.

4. The fuel reservoir of a vehicle.

   We have brought the van to a garage after we found a leak in the tank.

5. The amount held by a container; a tankful.

   I burned three tanks of gas on the drive to New York.

6. An armoured fighting vehicle, armed with a gun designed for direct fire, and moving on caterpillar tracks.

   The journalist mistook the self-propelled artillery vehicle for a tank.

   Few remember the female tanks that were produced between the World Wars.

   • 2007 September 25, Bungie, Halo 3, v1.0, Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox 360, level/area: The Ark:

     Tank beats everything! Oh, man! I could do this all day!

7. (Australia, India) A reservoir or dam.
8. (Southwestern US, chiefly Texas) A large metal container for holding drinking water for animals, usually placed near a wind-driven water pump, in an animal pen or field.
9. (Southwestern US, chiefly Texas) By extension a small pond for the same purpose.
10. (colloquial) A very muscular and physically imposing person; somebody who is built like a tank.
11. (UK, slang, dated, by extension) A bouncer or doorman.
12. (role-playing games, board games, video games) a unit or character designed primarily around damage absorption and holding the attention of the enemy (as opposed to dealing damage, healing, または other tasks).

    The paladin can make for a decent tank, but I recommend that you get a class with better taunting skills.

13. (US, slang) A prison cell, or prison generally.

    The sheriff threw us in the tank without charges!

14. (poker, slang) A metaphorical place where a player goes to contemplate a decision; see in the tank.
15. (rail transport) Short for tank engine and tank locomotive.
    • 1941 September, “The Why and the Wherefore: The Longest Tank Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, pages 431–432:

      Before their conversion to 4-6-0 tender locomotives, the L.B. & S.C.R. Baltic tank engines Nos. 330 to 334 measured 50 ft. 5 in. over buffers; the nearest present approach to this figure is the 49 ft. 10½ in. of the remaining ex-Lancashire & Yorkshire Hughes type 4-cylinder 4-6-4 tanks of the L.M.S.R. The Furness and G. & S.W.R. 4-6-4 tanks of the same company, all now scrapped, were, respectively, 49 ft. 1½ in. and 47 ft. 8 in. long.

17. (clothing) Short for tank top.
    • 2008, Nora Roberts, Tribute, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →ISBN, page 206:

      It pleased her more than she could say to know she walked on her own land, over dewed grass, wearing a tank and cotton pajama pants.

    • 2022, Robyn Henderson-Espinoza, Body Becoming: A Path to Our Liberation, Minneapolis, Minn.: Broadleaf Books, 1517 Media, →ISBN:

      I was wearing a tank and some cotton pants.

    • 2023 August 9, Brooke Kato, “Gen Z loves the ‘wife beater’ tee — but they’re canceling the name”, in New York Post‎^[1], New York, N.Y.: News Corp, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-10:

      On TikTok, #wifepleaser boasts more than 11.4 million views, while #wifepleasertank has racked up 13.9 million. […] Thanks to TikTok, there has been a mass adoption of the term “wife pleaser” in an attempt to rebrand the tank.

同意語

• (military fighting vehicle): battle tank, combat tank, armour (mass noun), tango (カナダ用法 military スラング)

反意語

• (gaming): glass cannon

上位語

• (military fighting vehicle): armoured fighting vehicle, armored fighting vehicle, AFV, armoured combat vehicle, armored combat vehicle

下位語

• (military fighting vehicle): infantry tank (historical), cavalry tank (historical), fast tank (historical), cruiser tank (historical), superheavy tank (historical), tankette (historical), bobbin tank (historical), light tank, medium tank, heavy tank, main battle tank, MBT, flail tank, flame tank, flamethrower tank

等位語

• (military fighting vehicle): armoured car, armoured train, armoured personnel carrier, armored personnel carrier, APC, infantry fighting vehicle, IFV, self-propelled gun, SPG, tank destroyer, assault gun

派生語

派生した語

参照

動詞

tank (三人称単数 現在形 tanks, 現在分詞 tanking, 過去形および過去分詞形 tanked)

1. To fail or fall (often used in describing the economy または the stock market); to degenerate or decline rapidly; to plummet.
   • 2008 October, Davy Rothbart, “How I caught up with dad”, in Men's Health, volume 23, number 8, →ISSN, page 112:

     He told me about all the odd jobs he'd taken after I was born, when Michigan's economy was tanking. For one, he crisscrossed the Midwest buying old carpets from dentists' offices.

   • 2022 October 5, “Network News: Private sector's role in a publicly-owned railway”, in RAIL, number 967, page 16:

     "[...] If the economy has tanked... then we don't want to over-promise and under-deliver."

2. (video games) To attract the attacks of an enemy target in cooperative team-based combat, so that one's teammates can defeat the enemy in question more efficiently.
3. (transitive) To put (fuel, etc.) into a tank.
   • 1913, Geoffrey Martin, Industrial and manufacturing chemistry:

     Sometimes oils are tanked for months or years at a time (e.g., linseed oil).

4. To deliberately lose a sports match with the intent of gaining a perceived future competitive advantage.
   • 2006 March 6, Michael Farber, “Swede Success”, in (Please provide the book title または journal name)‎^[2], Sports Illustrated, archived from the original on 4 November 2012:

     Beforehand, Swedish [national ice hockey team] coach Bengt-Ake Gustafsson had ruminated about tanking against Slovakia to avoid powerful Canada or the Czechs in the quarters [i.e., quarterfinals of the 2006 Winter Olympic tournament], telling Swedish television, "One is cholera, the other the plague."

5. (fandom slang) To resist damage; to be attacked without being hurt.
   • 2015 March 1, DudeFuckMath, “Bane [DC] vs Iron Fist [Marvel]”, in Reddit (r/whowouldwin)‎^[3], retrieved 2017-06-19:

     Unless Bane can tank Helicarrier-busting explosions I'm not sure how he stands a chance.

   • 2016 June 2, MercinWithAMouth, “Superman Stongest Feat Ever”, in Comic Vine Forums‎^[4], retrieved 2017-06-19:

     A weakened Superman tanked an explosion 50 times larger than the Kepler's Supernova and the electromagnetic shock wave hit him.

   • 2016 July 22, Si-Phon Dom, “Big Barda Vs She Hulk”, in Comics Amino‎^[5], retrieved 2017-06-19:

     Barda could BFR and I doubt She hulk is tanking a blow from her rod, so she takes.

6. (poker, slang) To contemplate a decision for a long time; to go in the tank.
7. to put or keep in a tank

   Concrete below ground must be fully tanked to prevent water uptake.

派生語

• tank up

名詞

tank (複数形 tanks)

1. A small Indian dry measure, averaging 240 grains in weight^[1].
2. A Bombay weight of 72 grains, for pearls^[2].

参照

語源 3

(This etymology is missing または incomplete. Please add to it, または discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

動詞

tank (三人称単数 現在形 tanks, 現在分詞 tanking, 過去形および過去分詞形 tanked)

1. (Singapore, informal) To stand; to tolerate.

関連する語

• buay tank

Further reading

• tank on Wikipedia.

アナグラム

• Kant