anti-normalとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈæn.tiˌnɔɹm(ə)l/

形容詞

antinormal (not comparable)

1. Antagonistic to or causing deviations from that which is considered normal.
   • 1962 August, Marian Fogel, Leo Sachs, “Studies on the Antigenic Composition of Hamster Tumors Induced by Polyoma Virus, and of Normal Hamster Tissues In Vivo oand In Vitro”, in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, volume 29, number 2, page 244:

     We obtained further information on the antitumor and antinormal antibodies remaining after absorption by testing both types of antiserum against mitochondria from normal lung and normal liver and after absorption with normal lung, normal liver, and sheep red-blood cells.

   • 1973, Craig W. Caldwell, Richard A. Burningham, “Autoimmune Hemolytic Disease”, in U.S. Navy Medicine, page 14:

     Thus, all red-cell eluates containing complement components, always revealed the presence of both antinormal and antinull activity.

   • 2021, Joan Hoff Wilson, American Business and Foreign Policy: 1920–1933:

     Thus, while business spokesmen often used terms such as normal, new normal basis, normality, and even normalcy, they used them optimistically to describe antinormal economic conditions in the sense that they were unprecedented according to prewar standards.

2. In the opposite direction or position from what is normal or canonical.
   • 1905 January 12, J. H. Jeans, “The Kinematics and Dynamics of a Granular Medium in Normal Piling”, in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, page 126:

     The piling may, however, be either the normal piling of Prof. Reynolds, or the antinormal piling described by Prof. Everett, or a combination of the two.

   • 1917, “Discussion at Standards Committee Meeting”, in Transactions: Annual Meeting of the Society of Automotive Engineers, volume 12, page 4:

     In the machine having antinormal rotation the engine will be running in the opposite direction, taking the left-hand propeller for the tractor and the right-hand for the pusher.

   • 1969, Nuclear Science Abstracts, page 1918:

     It is found that normally ordered power series exist and converge quite generally, but that for the case of antinormal ordering the required c-number coefficients are infinite for important classes of operators.

   • 2008, Michel Chein, Marie-Laure Mugnier, Graph-based Knowledge Representation, page 76:

     The antinormal form studied in this section can be considered as the most scattered form of an SG: Each relation node is disconnected from the other relation nodes and there are no multiple edges.

   • 2020, Houman Dallali, Emel Demircan, Mo Rastgaar, Powered Prostheses: Design, Control, and Clinical Applications, page 142:

     The calculated MET results for speeds 2 and 3 MPH are presented in Fig. 6.4 and Fig. 6.5 which indicate that folded arm, antinormal, and blind-folded modes of arm swinging had a significant increase in MET values as compared to normal one consequently resulted in a significant net increase in metabolic rates.

3. (geometry) Perpendicular to a tangent of a curve or tangent plane of a surface but pointing opposite to convention.

名詞

antinormal (plural antinormals)

1. (geometry) A normal that points opposite to convention. For example, in solid geometry it is conventional for normals to point outwards, so an antinormal in solid geometry refers to a normal pointing inwards.