Parish Councilとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

parish council (plural parish councils)

1. The governing body of people elected to oversee management of a parish (i.e., a civil parish) and represent the interests of residents.

   Hypernym: council (elliptically synonymous in context)

   Coordinate term: county council

   Near-synonyms: town council, city council, community council (Wales), parish assembly (Jersey)

   • 2026 February 1, “Why lots of English towns are creating puny local governments: Mad for parish councils”, in The Economist‎:

     The old town hall in Margate, an English seaside town, is a creamy neoclassical edifice topped with a clock tower. For decades it housed Margate’s municipal government. After that was abolished in 1974, along with many other local governments in England, the building fell into disuse. Somebody has written “a big empty building ha ha ha ha ha” on one wall. But the idea it represents, that Margate should run its own affairs, is reviving. […] municipal government is likely to return after a half-century hiatus. It is a straw in the wind—one of many flying about England at the moment. Towns like Margate are rushing to create councils […] Labour has embarked on the biggest reform of local government in England since the 1970s. Many district councils (which handle things like rubbish and local planning) and county councils (social care, education and highways) are being abolished. They will be replaced by large unitary councils that will handle everything. Big cities like London and Manchester are already organised more or less like this. In Margate the change will be dramatic. […] New parish [councils] and town councils are formed every year. But the National Association of Local Councils, which represents them, says an unusual number are in the works now. Some of the places trying to create them, like Guildford and St Albans, are wealthy; others, like Clacton-on-Sea, are poor. […] Formally, the new entities are puny, with no more power than the parish councils of rural England. They tend to manage parks and allotments—small plots of land where residents try their hand at growing food. They may plant flowering annuals on roundabouts, organise Remembrance Day parades and the Christmas lights, and give small grants to local groups. But they are far more potent than they seem. For one thing, people care about flowers. […] Town councils do not stay puny for long. “We started with no office and four members of staff,” says Tom Deakin, the leader of Taunton Town Council in Somerset, which was created in 2023. His council now employs 60-70 people. Higher-level councils, swamped by chunky issues such as homelessness and children in care, are often happy to hand responsibilities down. Higher-level local authorities must normally hold a referendum if they want to raise taxes by more than 5% a year—something they almost never dare to do. Town and parish councils, which are funded largely through “precepts” on tax bills, face no such restrictions. As their numbers and responsibilities swell, the amount of money flowing to them is growing. Precepts raised £856m ($1.2bn) in 2024-25, a rise of 60% in real terms since 2010-11. […] the government has only itself to blame for the swelling numbers and powers of low-level councils. Its reforms are creating local authorities that are far too large to be truly local. Town councils are its baby.

2. (uncommon) A body of parishioners who help administer an ecclesiastical parish.

   Near-synonyms: vestry, parochial church council, PCC

使用する際の注意点

In England and Wales, town councils represent civil parishes and communities where the parish council or community council have declared themselves to be a town council. The civil parish or community would normally in such cases include a place regarded as a town.

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