misericordとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• misericorde, miséricorde

語源

From 1200–1250, from 中期英語 misericorde (“an act of clemency”) from Old French, from Latin misericordia (“pity”). Doublet of misericordia.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /mɪˈzɛɹɪkɔːd/
• (General American) IPA: /mɪˈzɛɹɪkɔɹd/
• 韻: -ɛɹɪkɔː(ɹ)d

名詞

misericord (countable and uncountable, plural misericords)

1. Relaxation of monastic rules.
2. The room in a monastery for monks granted such relaxation.
3. A ledge, sometimes ornately carved, attached to a folding church seat to provide support for a person standing for long periods; a subsellium.
   • 1969, M. D. Anderson, The Iconography of British Misericords, G. L. Remnant, A Catalogue of Misericords in Great Britain, page xxiii,

     Misericords are a very humble form of medieval art and it is unlikely that the most distinguished carvers of any period were employed in making them, except, perhaps, during their apprentice years.

   • 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 223, about Hemingbrough:

     A misericord - a hinged projection on the underside of a choir seat - dates from about 1200 and is possibly the oldest in England.

   • 1999, Mariko Miyazaki, “Misericord Owls and Medieval Anti-semitism”, in Debra Hassig, Debra Higgs Strickland, editors, The Mark of the Beast: The Medieval Bestiary in Art, Life, and Literature, page 23:

     In this essay I will focus primarily on the subject of the owl in order to illustrate how bestiary imagery was modified and developed in late medieval public church decoration, primarily in the form of the sculpted choir-seats known as misericords. The owl provides a good case study of this process as it was an especially popular misericord motif and its artistic and literary characterizations are largely informed by—but not limited to—the bestiaries.

   • 2007, F. E. Howard, F. H. Crossley, English Church Woodwork, page 155:

     The construction of a misericord stall is very peculiar. The shaped standards or elbows are cut out of wide planks. They are notched over a deep and massive bottom rail (to which the misericords are hinged in many cases), and are housed into the massive capping, which is very wide and hollowed out with semicircular recesses to form curved backs for the stalls.

4. A medieval dagger, used for the mercy stroke to a wounded foe.
   • 2024, Rob Douglas, Nonie Douglas, “Pathways to Resolution” (chapter 12), in Unquiet Voices: The Magical Art of Laying Ghosts, Llewellyn Worldwide, →ISBN, page 223:

     The word misericordia implies an act of mercy but despite its amiable name, it refers to coercing or forcing a spirit to pass through the Gates of Death. In the age of medieval chivalry, knights carried a dagger called the misericorde that was used to strike the coup de grâce upon mortally wounded foes so that they did not have to suffer. The term “misericordia” carries a similar import in necromancy.

同意語

• (subsellium): mercy seat

関連する語

• misericorde
• misericordia

参照

• “misericord”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
• “misericord”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.