pellucidとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

The adjective is a learned borrowing from Latin pellūcidus, perlucidus (“transparent, pellucid; very bright; very understandable”), from per- (prefix meaning ‘through; throughout; completely, thoroughly’) + lūcidus (“clear; full of light, bright, shining; (比喩的に) easily understood, clear, lucid”)^[1] (from lūceō (“to shine; to become visible, show through; (比喩的に) to be apparent, conspicuous, or evident”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to see; to shine”)) + -idus (suffix meaning ‘tending to’ forming adjectives)).

The noun is derived from the adjective.^[1]

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /pɪˈl(j)uːsɪd/, /pɛ-/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /pəˈlusɪd/
• ハイフネーション: pel‧luc‧id

形容詞

pellucid (comparative more pellucid, superlative most pellucid) (literary)

1. Allowing the passage of light; translucent or transparent.

   Synonyms: clear, limpid, lucid, (まれに) perspicuous; see also Thesaurus:transparent

   Antonyms: see Thesaurus:opaque

   • 1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], “Of Our Complex Ideas of Substances”, in An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], OCLC 153628242, book II, § 11, page 140:

     Blood to the naked Eye appears all red; but by a good Microſcope, vvherein its leſſer parts appear, ſhevvs only ſome fevv Globules of Red, ſvvimming in a pellucid Liquor; and hovv theſe Globules vvould appear, if Glaſſes could be found, that yet could magnifie them 1000, or 10000 times more, is uncertain.

   • a. 1728 (date written)​, Isaac Newton, “[The Third Book of Opticks.] [Qu[estion] 25. Are there not other original Properties of the Rays of Light, besides those already described?]”, in Opticks: Or, A Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light. […], 4th edition, London: […] William Innys […], published 1730, OCLC 1118497469, page 329:

     This Cryſtal is a pellucid fiſſile Stone, clear as VVater or Cryſtal of the Rock, and vvithout Colour; enduring a red Heat vvithout loſing its tranſparency, and in a very ſtrong Heat calcining vvithout Fuſion.

   • 1838, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Duty and Inclination, volume III, London: Henry Colburn, pages 308–309:

     As a stream, clear and bright, becomes foul with weeds, and stagnates by its distant meanderings from its pure and pellucid source,—so the active imagination, the capacious intellect of Douglas, those high and valuable endowments, had, by an undue use of them, been perverted.

   • 1857, Robert Michael Ballantyne, chapter XVI, in The Coral Island: A Tale of the Pacific Ocean, Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, published 1859, OCLC 2949485, page 147:

     The sea was shining like a sheet of glass, […] and the bright sea-weeds and the brilliant corals shone in the depths of that pellucid water, as we rowed over it, like rare and precious gems.

   • 1862, Christina Rossetti, “Goblin Market”, in Goblin Market and Other Poems, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire; London: Macmillan & Co., […], OCLC 36794247, page 10:

     You cannot think what figs / My teeth have met in, / What melons icy-cold / Piled on a dish of gold / Too huge for me to hold, / What peaches with a velvet nap, / Pellucid grapes without one seed: […]

   • 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, “‘The Outlying Pickets of the New World’”, in The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, OCLC 1029993343, pages 119–120:

     The thick vegetation met overhead, interlacing into a natural pergola, and through this tunnel of verdure in a golden twilight flowed the green, pellucid river, beautiful in itself, but marvelous from the strange tints thrown by the vivid light from above filtered and tempered in its fall.

   • 1926 November 27​, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Adventure of the Lion’s Mane”, in The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes, London: John Murray, […], published June 1927 (May 1952 printing), OCLC 1108013148, page 254:

     Most of the pool was quite shallow, but under the cliff where the beach was hollowed out it was four or five feet deep. It was to this part that a swimmer would naturally go, for it formed a beautiful pellucid green pool as clear as crystal.

2. (figuratively)
   1. Easily understood; clear.

      Synonyms: crystal clear, lucid, perspicuous, translucent; see also Thesaurus:comprehensible

      Antonyms: see Thesaurus:incomprehensible

      • 1994 November 13, Fritz Lanham, The Houston Chronicle, Houston, Tex.: Houston Chronicle Pub. Co., ISSN 1074-7109, OCLC 1607806:

        Written in spare, pellucid prose, the book reads like a close-to-the-bone memoir.

      • 1999, Judith Butler, “Preface (1999)”, in Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity, New York, N.Y.; Abingdon, Oxon., published 2015, →ISBN, page xxvi:

        [Y]ou never receive me apart from the grammar that establishes my availability to you. If I treat that grammar as pellucid, then I fail to call attention precisely to that sphere of language that establishes and disestablishes intelligibility, and that would be precisely to thwart my own project as I have described it to you here.

   2. Of music or some other sound: not discordant or harsh; clear and pure-sounding.
      • 1979 October 22, T. E. Kalem, “Theater: Monopod”, in Henry R[obinson] Luce, editor, Time‎^[1], New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., ISSN 0928-8430, OCLC 224518090, archived from the original on 12 September 2022:

        Opera star [Giorgio] Tozzi sings with the richness of burnished bronze and [Sharon] Daniels complements him with her pellucid soprano.

   3. Of a person, their mind, etc.: able to think and understand clearly; not confused; clear, sharp.
   4. (archaic) Easily recognized or seen through; apparent, obvious.

      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:obvious

      Antonyms: see Thesaurus:subtle

派生語

• pellucidly
• pellucidness

関連する語

• elucidate
• lucid
• pellucidity
• zona pellucida

名詞

pellucid (複数形 pellucids)

1. (obsolete, rare) Something which allows the passage of light; a translucent or transparent object.
   • 1729, [Johann Jacob Hainlin], “Of the Vision of Pellucidity or Shining through”, in Venterus Mandey, transl., Synopsis Mathematica Universalis: Or, A Brief System of Mathematics, […], [3rd] edition, London: […] A. Ward, […], OCLC 224397196, paragraph 1, page 686:

     A Pellucid is not ſeen, but percieved^[sic] by the privation of Colour. So vve ſee not Air in Air, VVater in VVater, Glaſs in Glaſs, and every Pellucid in an equal Pellucid; and becauſe vve knovv they are not coloured, vve count them to be diaphanous, viz. that may be ſeen, or ſhone thorough.

   • [1735?], Herman Boerhaave, “Being a Delineation of the Theory. [Of Stones.]”, in [anonymous], transl., Elements of Chemistry. Being the Annual Lectures of Hermann Boerhaave, M.D. […], volume I, London: […] J. Clarke […], and S. Austen […]; and sold by J. Roberts […], OCLC 316734458, page 33:

     The true Aſtroites, vvhich in the ſun-ſhine throvvs out a briſk light radiating from one certain point, belongs to the claſs of Pellucids.

参照