quicumqueとは意味・読み方・使い方

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Wiktionary英語版での「quicumque」の意味

quicumque

別の表記

quīcunque
quīcũque (medieval, renaissance, early modern)
quī ... cumque (with tmesis/diacope)

語源

From quī +‎ -cumque. quīcunque is a later development reflecting the assimilated pronunciation.

発音

(Classical) IPA^(key): /kʷiːˈkun.kʷe/, [kʷiːˈkʊŋkʷɛ]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kwiˈkum.kwe/, [kwiˈkumkwe]

代名詞

quīcumque (feminine quaecumque, neuter quodcumque); relative/interrogative pronoun with an indeclinable portion

whoever, whosoever; whatever, whatsoever
- 43 BCE, Asinius Pollio, in Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 10.31.3:
  Ita si id agitur, ut rursus in potestate omnia unius sint, quicumque is est, ei me profiteor inimicum.
  If therefore events are so developing as to put all power again in the hands of one man, whosoever that man is, I declare myself his foe.
- c. 40 BCE, Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum 103:
  Eos ad Marium ac deinde, si placeat, Romam legatos ire iubet; agundarum rerum et quocumque modo belli componundi licentiam ipsis permittit.
  These he ordered to go as envoys to Marius and then, if it seemed advisable, to Rome, giving them complete freedom of action and permission to make peace in whatever manner.
- c. 110 BCE – c. 25 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, On the Eminent Commanders XIV. Datames 14.10:
  Namque is pollicitus est regi se eum interfecturum, si ei rex permitteret, ut, quodcumque vellet, liceret impune facere, fidemque de ea re more Persarum dextra dedisset.
  For he promised the king that he would kill him [Datames], if the king would allow him to do whatever he wanted with impunity and would give him a pledge to that effect with his right hand after the manner of the Persians.
- 30 BCE – 16 BCE, Propertius, Elegies 4.1:
  Hoc quodcumque vides, hospes, qua maxima Roma est, / ante Phrygem Aenean collis et herba fuit
  This, stranger, whatsoever you see where Rome the greatest stands, / was hill and grass before Phrygian Aeneas
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Psalm 113:11 [115:3]:
  Deus autem noster in caelo, omnia quaecumque voluit fecit.
  But our God is in heaven, and whatsoever he has willed, he has done.

使用する際の注意点

quīcumque is used both adjectivally and substantivally.
Cato is cited with the archaic plural form quescumque (from ques).

語形変化

Relative/interrogative pronoun with an indeclinable portion.

Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Number	Singular			Plural
Nominative	quīcumque	quaecumque	quodcumque	quīcumque¹	quaecumque
Genitive	cuiuscumque¹			quōrumcumque	quārumcumque	quōrumcumque
Dative	cuicumque¹			quibuscumque quīscumque¹
Accusative	quemcumque	quamcumque	quodcumque	quōscumque	quāscumque	quaecumque
Ablative	quōcumque	quācumque	quōcumque	quibuscumque quīscumque¹

¹In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi または quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).

関連する語

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	demonstrative			anaphoric	identity	interrogative/ relative	indefinite			negative	other
type	proximal	medial	distal	anaphoric	identity	interrogative/ relative	relative	indefinite	negative polarity	negative	other
basic	hic	iste, istic	ille, illic	is	ipse, īdem	quis/quī	quisquis, quīcumque	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quispiam	quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam	nēmō, nihil, nūllus	alter, alius
dual						uter	utercumque	alteruter, uterque		neuter
place	hīc	istīc	illīc	ibī̆	ibī̆dem	ubī̆	ubiubi, ubī̆cumque	alicubī, ubīque, uspiam	usquam	nusquam	alibī, aliās
source	hinc	istinc	illinc	inde	indidem	unde	undecumque, undeunde	alicunde, undique			aliunde
destination	hūc, °hōrsum	istūc, °istōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	eō	eōdem	quō, quōrsum	quōquō, quōcumque	aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	quōquam		aliō, aliōrsum
method, means, path, place	hāc	istāc	illāc	eā	eādem	quā	quāquā, quācumque	aliquā, quāque		nēquāquam, haudquāquam	aliā
manner	hōc modō	istō modō	illō modō	ita, sīc, eō modō	item, itidem	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	utique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	ūllō modō	nūllō modō	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time	num, nunc		ōlim	tum, tunc	simul	quandō, ‡cum	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	quondam, aliquandō, quandōque	umquam	numquam	aliās
exact time	hac hōra	ista hōra	illa hōra	ea hōra	eadem hōra	quota hōra	quotacumque hōra				altera/alia hōra
quantity				tam	†tamen, †tandem	quam	†quamquam	aliquam
size				tantus	tantusdem	quantus	quantuscumque	aliquantus
quality				tālis		quālis	quālis, quāliscumque	aliquālis
number				tot	totidem	quot	quotquot, quotcumque	aliquot
order				totus		quotus	quotuscumque
repetition				totiēns		quotiēns	quotiēnscumque	aliquotiēns
multiplication				totuplex		quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare ‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

派生した語

→ English: quicumque vult, quicunque vult

参照

“quīcumque (または -cunque), quaecumque, quodcumque”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“quīcumque (not -cunque), quaecumque, quodcumque”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
quīcumquĕ (-cunquĕ), quæc-, quodc- in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1298

ランキング

「quicumque」の意味に関連した用語

Athanasian Creed

(英和対訳)

Harrowing of Hell

(百科事典)

意味

quicumqueのページの著作権
英和・和英辞典情報提供元は参加元一覧にて確認できます。

Wiktionary

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quicumqueとは 意味・読み方・使い方