work houseとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 werkhous, from 古期英語 weorchūs (“workshop, place of manufacture”), from Proto-Germanic *werkahūsą, equivalent to work +‎ house.

名詞

workhouse (plural workhouses)

1. (British, historical) An institution for homeless poor people funded by the local parish, where the able-bodied were required to work.

   Synonyms: (Britain, derogatory) bastille, poorhouse

   • 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], chapter I, in Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:

     Among other public buildings in a certain town which for many reasons it will be prudent to refrain from mentioning, and to which I will assign no fictitious name, it boasts of one which is common to most towns, great or small, to wit, a workhouse; and in this workhouse was born, […] the item of mortality whose name is prefixed to the head of this chapter.

   • 1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter II, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:

     "I don't want to spoil any comparison you are going to make," said Jim, "but I was at Winchester and New College." / "That will do," said Mackenzie. "I was dragged up at the workhouse school till I was twelve. […]"

   • 1962, Eric Hobsbawm, The Age of Revolutions. 1789-1848, page 167:

     The New Poor Law of 1834, a statute of quite uncommon callousness, gave [to the labourer] poor relief only within the new workhouses (where he had to seperate from wife and child to discourage the sentimental and unmalthusian habit of thoughtless procreation) and withdrawing the parish guarantee of a minimum livelihood.

2. (US) A prison in which the sentence includes manual labour.
3. (archaic) A place of manufacture; a factory.
   • 1895, Will H. Glascock, Stories of Columbia, page 190:

     He carefully guarded his secret, but it got out, and, when he had his invention almost completed, some men broke open his workhouse and carried it away. It was afterward returned, but his plan had been copied, and from the copy many machines were made.

関連する語

動詞

workhouse (third-person singular simple present workhouses, present participle workhousing, simple past and past participle workhoused)

1. (British, transitive, historical) To place (a person) in the workhouse (institution for the poor).

参照

アナグラム

• housework