spoilとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 (…を)役に立たなくする、台なしにする、腐らせる、そぐ、性格をだめにする、過度に甘やかす、大サービスする、満足できなくする
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spoilの学習レベル | レベル:3英検:準2級以上の単語学校レベル:高校2年以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:470点以上の単語大学入試:センター試験対策レベル |
研究社 新英和中辞典での「spoil」の意味 |
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spoil
The heavy rain spoiled the crops. 大雨で作物がだめになった. |
be spóiling for a fíght |
(the) spoils of war 戦利品. |
the spoils of office 役得. |
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コア・セオリー英語表現(基本動詞)での「spoil」の意味 |
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Weblio英和対訳辞書での「spoil」の意味 |
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Wiktionary英語版での「spoil」の意味 |
spoil
語源
From Middle English spoilen, spuylen, borrowed from Old French espoillier, espollier, espuler, from Latin spoliāre, present active infinitive of spoliō (“pillage, ruin, spoil”).
動詞
spoil (三人称単数 現在形 spoils, 現在分詞 spoiling, 過去形および過去分詞形 spoiled または spoilt)
- (transitive, archaic) To strip (someone who has been killed または defeated) of their arms or armour. [from 14th c.]
- (transitive, archaic) To strip or deprive (someone) of their possessions; to rob, despoil. [from 14th c.]
- (transitive, intransitive, archaic) To plunder, pillage (a city, country etc.). [from 14th c.]
- 1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:
- (transitive, obsolete) To carry off (goods) by force; to steal. [14th–19th c.]
- 1814 July, [Jane Austen], chapter XXXVIII, in Mansfield Park: […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:
- […] it was her own knife; little sister Mary had left it to her upon her deathbed, and she ought to have had it to keep herself long ago. But mama kept it from her, and was always letting Betsey get hold of it; and the end of it would be that Betsey would spoil it, and get it for her own, though mama had promised her that Betsey should not have it in her own hands.
- (transitive) To ruin; to damage (something) in some way making it unfit for use. [from 16th c.]
- 1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter II, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:
- "I don't want to spoil any comparison you are going to make," said Jim, "but I was at Winchester and New College." ¶ "That will do," said Mackenzie. "I was dragged up at the workhouse school till I was twelve. […]"
- (transitive) To ruin the character of, by overindulgence; to coddle or pamper to excess. [from 17th c.]
- (intransitive) Of food, to become bad, sour or rancid; to decay. [from 17th c.]
- (transitive) To render (a ballot paper) invalid by deliberately defacing it. [from 19th c.]
- (transitive) To reveal the ending or major events of (a story etc.); to ruin (a surprise) by exposing it ahead of time.
- 2018 November 14, Jesse Hassenger, “Disney Goes Viral with an Ambitious, Overstuffed Wreck-It Ralph Sequel”, in The A.V. Club[2], archived from the original on 21 November 2019:
- These include a brief but showstopping (かつ trailer-revealed) scene where Vanellope crashes a Disney Princess reunion, packed with gags and references that should send both young and old fans into paroxysms of glee. The princess confab also leads into a scene featuring Vanellope and the cast of Slaughter Race that probably shouldn’t be spoiled.
- (aviation) To reduce the lift generated by an airplane or wing by deflecting air upwards, usually with a spoiler.
関連する語
名詞
- (Also in 複数形: spoils) Plunder taken from an enemy or victim.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:
- (archaic) The act of taking plunder from an enemy or victim; spoliation, pillage, rapine.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene ii:
- (uncountable) Material (such as rock または earth) removed in the course of an excavation, or in mining or dredging. Tailings. Such material could be utilised somewhere else.
- 1961 December, “Planning the London Midland main-line electrification”, in Trains Illustrated, page 721:
- In view of the decline in freight traffic, it was strange to hear from Mr. Lambert that there is "a continuing problem of supplying, particularly for the civil engineer, the number of wagons required for carrying construction materials and spoil for various works."
同意語
派生語
参照
- spoil at OneLook Dictionary Search
Weblio例文辞書での「spoil」に類似した例文 |
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spoil
to disturb something
ギシギシする
「spoil」を含む例文一覧
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