英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /əˈbɹiː.vi.eɪt/
• (General American) IPA: /əˈbɹi.vi.eɪt/

動詞

abbreviate (third-person singular simple present abbreviates, present participle abbreviating, simple past and past participle abbreviated)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To shorten by omitting parts or details. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the late 17 century.]
   • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Dispatch. XXV.”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC, pages 142–143:

     But it is one Thing, to Abbreuiate by Contracting, Another by Cutting off: […]

2. (obsolete, intransitive) To speak or write in a brief manner. [Attested from the late 16 century until the early 17 century.]
3. (transitive) To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]
   • 2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 21 November 2019:

     But as delivery schedules have dwindled into hours, even the gigantic warehouse full of stuff in a central place such as the triangle is proving insufficient. Now, companies also need smaller distribution centres around the country, to respond rapidly to orders and to abbreviate the last mile as much as possible.

4. (transitive) To reduce a word or phrase by means of contraction or omission to a shorter recognizable form. [First attested in the late 16 century.]

   Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is more commonly known by its abbreviated form BSE.

   • 2018 August 29, Jim Taylor, “The woman who founded the 'incel' movement”, in BBC‎:

     Alana abbreviated "involuntarily celibate" to "invcel", until someone suggested that "incel" was easier to say.

5. (transitive, mathematics) To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction.

   Synonym: simplify

同意語

反意語

派生語

関連する語

語源 2

From 中期英語 abbreviat(e) (“abbreviated”, used as the past participle of abbreviaten); the noun is derived by subtsantivization from the adjective. See -ate (adjective forming suffix), -ate (noun forming suffix) and Etymology 1 for more. Participial usage up until Early Modern English.

発音

• (adjective)
  • (General American) IPA: /əˈbɹi.vi.ət/, /əˈbɹi.vi.eɪt/
• (noun)
  • (米国発音) IPA: /əˈbɹi.vi.eɪt/
  • (Scotland) IPA: /əˈbriviet/

形容詞

abbreviate (comparative more abbreviate, superlative most abbreviate)

1. (obsolete, as a participle) Abbreviated.
2. (obsolete, as a participial adjective) Abbreviated, abridged, shortened. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the late 17 century]
   • 1871, John Earle, The Philology of the English Tongue:

     The curt form of gent as a less ceremonious substitute for the full expression of ‘gentleman,’ had once made considerable way, but its career was blighted in a court of justice. It is about twenty years ago that two young men, being brought before a London magistrate, described themselves as ‘gents.’ The magistrate said that he considered that a designation little better than ‘blackguard.’ The abbreviate form has never been able to recover that shock.

3. (biology) Having one part relatively shorter than another or than the ordinary type. [First attested in the mid 19 century.]

名詞

abbreviate (plural abbreviates)

1. (obsolete, Scotland) An abridgment. [Mid 16 century.]

参照