英和和英

語源

From Old French, from Latin distributio, from distribuere 'to distribute', itself from dis- 'apart' + tribuere 'to' (from tribus). By surface analysis, distribute +‎ -ion.

発音

• IPA: /ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/

名詞

distribution (countable and uncountable, plural distributions)

1. An act of distributing or state of being distributed.
2. An apportionment by law (of funds, property).
3. (business, marketing) The process by which goods get to final consumers over a geographical market, including storing, selling, shipping and advertising.
4. Anything distributed; portion; share.
   • December 6, 1709, Francis Atterbury, a sermon preach'd before the sons of the clergy at their anniversary-meeting in the Church of St. Paul

     our charitable distributions

5. The result of distributing; arrangement.
   • 2023 September 26, Hafsa Khalil, “Electric blue tarantula species discovered in Thailand”, in CNN‎, archived from the original on 20 November 2024:

     A group of Thai researchers found the spider during an expedition to Phang-Nga province in southern Thailand to research the diversity and distribution of tarantulas in the country.

6. The total number of something sold or delivered to the clients.

   The distribution of my little rock magazine is about 3,000.

7. The frequency of occurrence or extent of existence.
8. (economics) The apportionment of income or wealth in a population.

   The wealth distribution became extremely skewed in the kleptocracy.

9. (card games) The way in which a player's hand is divided in suits, or in which a particular suit is divided between the players.

   The declarer had 3-6-2-2 distribution.

10. (mathematics, statistics) A probability distribution; the set of relative likelihoods that a variable will have a value in a given interval.
    • 2010 July 23, Elie Mystal, “NALP Gives More Information on Expected Lawyer Salary”, in Above the Law‎, archived from the original on 15 October 2023:

      In fact, NALP has been at the forefront of educating prospective lawyers on the dangers of focusing on “average” starting salaries. The average is meaningless. The median is just slightly more helpful, and NALP has been begging people to pay attention to the bimodal salary distribution curve that tells the true story of how much lawyers are likely to get paid.

    • 2015 September 11, “Hotspots of Malaria Transmission in the Peruvian Amazon: Rapid Assessment through a Parasitological and Serological Survey”, in PLOS ONE‎, →DOI, archived from the original on 12 March 2024:

      The criterion for positivity was determined for each antigen of each species applying a mixture model to the PP data which assumed two inherent Gaussian distributions: a narrow distribution or seronegatives, and a broader distribution of seropositives.

    • 2015 December 11, “On the Role of Histamine Receptors in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms”, in PLOS ONE‎, →DOI, archived from the original on 21 January 2025:

      Similarly, the brain-penetrating Hrh2 antagonist zolantidine had no effect on light-induced phase shift as shown for hamsters, or the lengths or distributions of NREM, REM and wakefulness states as shown on rats.

11. (mathematics, differential geometry) A subset of the tangent bundle of a manifold that satisfies certain properties; used to construct the notions of integrability and foliation of a manifold.
12. (software) A set of bundled software components.

    Synonym: distro

    a Linux distribution

13. (finance) The process or result of the sale of securities, especially their placement among investors with long-term investment strategies.
14. (logic) The resolution of a whole into its parts.
15. (printing, historical) The process of sorting the types and placing them in their proper boxes in the cases.
16. (steam engines) The steps or operations by which steam is supplied to and withdrawn from the cylinder at each stroke of the piston: admission, suppression or cutting off, release or exhaust, and compression of exhaust steam prior to the next admission.
17. (rhetoric) A rhetorical technique in which a subject is divided into multiple cases based on some property or properties, and each case is addressed individually.
    • 1553, Thomas Wilson, The Arte of Rhetorique (1962), book iii, folio 99, page 209 s.v. “Diſtribucion”:

      It is alſo called a diſtribucion, when we diuide the whole, into ſeuerall partes, and ſaie we haue foure poynctes, whereof we purpoſe to ſpeake, compꝛehendyng our whole talke within compaſſe of theſame.

    • 1728, Ephraim Chambers, Cyclopædia I, page 230/2 s.v. “Diſtribution²”:

      Diſtribution, in Rhetoric, a Kind of Deſcription; or a Figure, whereby an orderly Diviſion, and Enumeration is made of the principal Qualities of a Subject.

派生語

関連する語

• distributee
• distributive
• distributor

参照

• “Distribution” on page 534 of § 1 (D, ed. James Augustus Henry Murray) of volume III (D–E, 1897) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (1st ed.)

Further reading

• Distribution on Wikipedia.Wikipedia