英和和英

語源

From the 中期英語 verb protesten, from Old French protester, from Latin prōtestārī, from prō + testor, from testis (“witness”).

発音

Noun and verb

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɹəʊ.tɛst/
• (General American, Canada) enPR: prōʹtĕst, IPA: /ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/
• (Australia) IPA: /ˈpɹəʉ.test/
• (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈpɹɐʉ.test/
• ハイフネーション: pro‧test

Verb

• enPR: prə.tĕstʹ
  • (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA: /pɹəˈtɛst/
  • (Australia, New Zealand) IPA: /pɹəˈtest/
• 韻: -ɛst
• ハイフネーション: pro‧test

Note

The verb is stressed on the first syllable when referring to an organized protest and stressed on the second syllable when in reference to a spoken outburst.

動詞

protest (third-person singular simple present protests, present participle protesting, simple past and past participle protested)

1. (intransitive) To make a strong objection.

   How dare you, I protest!

   The public took to the streets to protest over the planned change to the law.

   • 1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, →OCLC:

     As a political system democracy seems to me extraordinarily foolish, but I would not go out of my way to protest against it. My servant is, so far as I am concerned, welcome to as many votes as he can get. I would very gladly make mine over to him if I could.

   • 2009, Cuba:

     U.S. and European protested against Spanish conduct in Cuba.

   • 2023 December 27, David Turner, “Silent lines...”, in RAIL, number 999, page 29:

     On November 29 1952, a special train ran from Sunderland to Leeds for Christmas shoppers and those attending a Leeds vs. Brentford match. It caused controversy, with Sunderland traders protesting that their shops were just as good as those in Leeds.

2. (transitive) To affirm (something).

   I protest my innocence.

   I do protest and declare …

   • 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

     I will protest your cowardice.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     Our youth, now, emboldened with his success, resolved to push the matter farther, and ventured even to beg her recommendation of him to her father's service; protesting that he thought him one of the honestest fellows in the country, and extremely well qualified for the place of a gamekeeper, which luckily then happened to be vacant.

   • 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, “Ch.8”, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:

     She flashed a smile at me, and, protesting an engagement with her dentist, jauntily walked on.

3. To object to.
   • 1976 February 14, Joan DeForeest, “Irresponsible Inaccuracies Infuriate”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 33, page 5:

     "The gay community would love to point to Patti and say, 'She's one of us'" […] I protest the statement I have mentioned, as well as others like it. Few people I know, gay or straight, identify with the often outrageous thoughts of Patti Smith. Among other things, she's indicated in interviews that she thinks violence and rape are dandy experiences.

4. (transitive, chiefly Canada, US) To publicly demonstrate against.

   They protested the demolition of the school.

5. To call as a witness in affirming or denying, or to prove an affirmation; to appeal to.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     Fiercely [they] opposed / My journey strange, with clamorous uproar / Protesting fate supreme.

6. (law, transitive) to make a solemn written declaration, in due form, on behalf of the holder, against all parties liable for any loss or damage to be sustained by non-acceptance or non-payment of (a bill or note). This should be made by a notary public, whose seal it is the usual practice to affix.
7. (obsolete, transitive) To publish; to make known.

名詞

protest (countable and uncountable, plural protests)

1. A formal objection, especially one by a group.

   They lodged a protest with the authorities.

2. A collective gesture of disapproval; a demonstration.

   We held a protest in front of City Hall.

   • 2013 August 10, “Can China clean up fast enough?”, in The Economist‎, volume 408, number 8848:

     All this has led to an explosion of protest across China, including among a middle class that has discovered nimbyism.

   • 2020 July 13, Austin Ramzy, Elaine Yu, Tiffany May, “Hong Kong Voters Defy Beijing, Endorsing Protest Leaders in Primary”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 14 July 2020‎:

     Sage Ip, a 29-year-old flight attendant who cast her ballot on Sunday in the Sai Ying Pun district, said she voted in the primary because she was worried that she would never get a chance to do so again. “Voting is something that is still within our capacity. We can’t express ourselves at protests anymore.”

3. The noting by a notary public of an unpaid or unaccepted bill.
4. A written declaration, usually by the master of a ship, stating the circumstances attending loss or damage of ship or cargo, etc.

同意語

• dissent
• objection
• protestation

派生語

アナグラム

• Potters, potters, spotter, strepto, strepto-