英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈfɒs.tə/
• (米国発音, without the cot–caught merger) IPA: /ˈfɔ.stɚ/
• (General American, cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA: /ˈfɑ.stɚ/
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˈfɔs.tə/
• (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈfɒs.tə/, [ˈfɔ̟s.tə]
• 韻: -ɒstə(ɹ)

語源 1

From 中期英語 foster, from 古期英語 fōstor (“food, sustenance”), from Proto-West Germanic *fōstr, from Proto-Germanic *fōstrą (“nourishment, food”).

Cognate with Middle Dutch voester (“nursemaid”), Middle Low German vôster (“food”), Old Norse fóstr (“nurturing, education, alimony, child support”), Danish foster (“fetus”), Swedish foster (“fetus”).

形容詞

foster (not comparable)

1. Providing parental care to children not related to oneself.

   foster parents

2. Receiving such care.

   a foster child

3. Related by such care.

   We are a foster family.

派生語

名詞

foster (countable and uncountable, plural fosters)

1. (countable, informal) A foster parent.

   Some fosters end up adopting.

2. (uncountable) The care given to another; guardianship.

動詞

foster (third-person singular simple present fosters, present participle fostering, simple past and past participle fostered)

1. (transitive) To nurture or bring up offspring, or to provide similar parental care to an unrelated child.
   • c. 1588–1593, [William Shakespeare], The Most Lamentable Romaine Tragedie of Titus Andronicus: As It was Plaide by the Right Honourable the Earle of Darbie, Earle of Pembrooke, and Earle of Sussex Their Seruants (the First Quarto), London: Printed by Iohn Danter, and are to be sold by Edward White & Thomas Millington, at the little North doore of Paules at the signe of the Gunne, published 1594, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii]:

     Some ſay that Rauens foſter forlorne children, / The whilſt their owne birds famiſh in their neſts: / Oh be to me though thy hard hart ſay no, / Nothing ſo kinde but ſomething pittiful.

2. (transitive) To promote the development of something; to cultivate and grow a thing.

   Our company fosters an appreciation for the arts.

   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto VIII”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 10:

     ⁠A flower beat with rain and wind,
     Which once she foster’d up with care

   • 1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC:

     And Time, which is the hound of Sish, devoured all things; and Sish sent up the ivy and fostered weeds, and dust fell from the hand of Sish and covered stately things.

   • 2016 February 23, Robbie Collin, “Grimsby review: ‘Sacha Baron Cohen’s vital, venomous action movie’”, in The Daily Telegraph (London):

     Grimsby doesn't ever wound quite as devastatingly as Borat or Brüno, but it's a vital, lavish, venomously profane two fingers up at Benefits Street pity porn and the social division it fosters.

3. (transitive) To nurse or cherish something.
4. (intransitive, obsolete) To be nurtured or trained up together.
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto V”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     There Florimell, in her first ages flowre,
     And passing beautie did eftsoones reveale,
     Was fostered by those Graces

使用する際の注意点

Modern English makes a distinction between fostering (which is implied to be temporary or informal) and adopting (which is permanent and makes the child legally recognized as part of the family). In older usage the two terms were more interchangeable.

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “cultivate and grow”): hamper

派生語

語源 2

名詞

foster (plural fosters)

1. (obsolete) A forester.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     A griesly Foster forth did rush.

アナグラム

• Forest, Forets, Fortes, fetors, forest, forset, fortes, fortés, froste, softer

名詞

fōster n

1. alternative form of fōstor

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

語源 1

Inherited from 古期英語 fōster, from Proto-West Germanic *fōstr, from Proto-Germanic *fōstrą; reinforced by 古期英語 fōstre (“fosterer”). The vocalism is due to regular shortening before a three-consonant cluster (in the 古期英語 oblique stem fōstr-).

発音

• IPA: /ˈfɔstər/, /ˈfɔstrə/

名詞

foster (plural *fostres)

1. A child; one of one's progeny.
2. (chiefly Early Middle English) Food or other care.
3. (rare) A foster child or adopted child.
4. (rare) A foster parent or adoptee.

関連する語

• fosterbroder
• fosterfader
• fostermoder
• fostren

派生した語

• English: foster
• Scots: foster

参照

• “foster, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “forstē̆r, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

名詞

foster

1. alternative form of forester

語源 3

動詞

foster

1. alternative form of fostren