aliumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Unknown according to de Vaan (2008). May be connected to āla (“wing”), on the image of the garlic bulb being divided into "wings"; for a similar derivation from garlic being "cloven" cf. the etymology of German Knoblauch (“garlic”). It has also been compared with the Greek gloss of ἄλλην (állēn) as 'vegetables' "among the Italians", which may stem from another Italic language, and if so, has no direct bearing on the etymological consideration of Latin ālium.^[1]

Based only on the form allium, Kroonen (2012) suggests that it may be a borrowing from the root of Ancient Greek ἄγλις (áglis), specifically via a byform *adlī-. See the Ancient Greek entry for more.^[2]

According to Roberts, from Proto-Indo-European *ālu- (“bitter plant”).^[3]

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈaː.li.um/, [ˈäːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.um/, [ˈäːlium]

名詞

ālium n (genitive āliī または ālī); second declension

1. garlic, onion

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

派生した語

参考

• ālum (“wild garlic”)

形容詞

alium

1. accusative masculine singular of alius

参照

• “alium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “alium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• alium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• alium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) he is a young man of great promise: adulescens alios bene de se sperare iubet, bonam spem ostendit or alii de adulescente bene sperare possunt
    
• “alium”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly