aphasiaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From French aphasie, from Ancient Greek ἀφασία (aphasía), from ἄφατος (áphatos, “speechless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + φάσις (phásis, “speech”). Equivalent to a- +‎ -phasia.

発音

• IPA^(key): /əˈfeɪzɪə/, /əˈfeɪʒə/

名詞

aphasia (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 aphasias)

1. (pathology) A partial or total loss of language skills due to brain damage. Usually, damage to the left perisylvian region, including Broca's area and Wernicke's area, causes aphasia.
   • 1865, “Discussions upon Aphasia”, in Medical and Surgical Reporter‎^[1], volume 8, page 197:

     The very disease aphasia is to most of us a new one; and we venture to say that even yet no one can give a satisfactory definition of Trousseau's new term.

   • 1865, J. T. Banks, “On the Loss of Language in Cerebral Disease”, in Dublin quarterly journal of medical science‎^[2], volume 39, page 63:

     Of one form of aphasia we have an accurate description by Van Swieten, in his chapter on apoplexia:―"Vidi plures, qui ab apoplexiâ curati omnibus functionibus cerebri recte valebant, nisi quod deesset, hoc unicum, quod non possent vera rebus designandis vocabula invenire."

   • 1888, Rudyard Kipling, "The Conversion of Aurelian McGoggin" in Plain Tales from the Hills, Folio 2005, p. 76:

     The Doctor came over in three minutes, and heard the story. ‘It's aphasia,’ he said.

   • 2022 March 30, Maya Salam, “Bruce Willis Has Aphasia and Is ‘Stepping Away’ From His Career”, in The New York Times‎^[3], →ISSN:

     Bruce Willis, the prolific action-movie star, has been diagnosed with aphasia — a disorder that affects the brain’s language center and a person’s ability to understand or express speech — and will step away from acting, his ex-wife, Demi Moore, announced in an Instagram post on Wednesday.

派生語

関連する語

• monophasia

参考

• auditory processing disorder (APD)
• specific language impairment
• word salad