英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈdɪsɪplɪn/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈdɪsəplɪn/, [ˈd̥ɪsɪ̽plɪ̈n]
• (Indic) IPA: /ɖɪˈsɪplɪn/

名詞

discipline (countable and uncountable, plural disciplines)

1. A controlled behaviour; self-control.

   Antonym: spontaneity

   • a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation:

     The most perfect, who have their passions in the best discipline, are yet obliged to be constantly on their guard.

   1. An enforced compliance or control.
      • 1956, Michael Arlen, “1/1/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days‎:

        The masters looked unusually stern, but it was the sternness of thought rather than of discipline.

   2. A systematic method of obtaining obedience.
      • 1871, Charles John Smith, Synonyms Discriminated:

        Discipline aims at the removal of bad habits and the substitution of good ones, especially those of order, regularity, and obedience.

      • 1973, Bible (New International Version), Hebrews 12:7:

        Endure hardship as discipline; God is treating you as his children. For what children are not disciplined by their father?

   3. A state of order based on submission to authority.
      • 1697, Virgil, “The Second Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

        Their wildness lose, and, quitting nature's part, / Obey the rules and discipline of art.

   4. A set of rules regulating behaviour.
   5. A punishment to train or maintain control.

      Synonyms: penalty, sanction; see also Thesaurus:penalty

      • 1712 October 13 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “THURSDAY, October 2, 1712”, in The Spectator, number 499; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume V, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:

        giving her the discipline of the strap

        The spelling has been modernized.

      1. (Catholicism) A whip used for self-flagellation.
         • 2024 March 16, Antonia Cundy, “The Opus Dei diaries”, in FT Weekend, London: The Financial Times Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 18:

           All she had done was give Teena a cilice, a barbed metal chain she was to tie around her thigh for two hours every day, and a discipline, a rope whip with knotted ends she was to use on her back when she prayed the Hail Mary.

      2. A flagellation as a means of obtaining sexual gratification.
2. A specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice.

   Synonyms: field, sphere

   Near-synonyms: specialty, speciality, specialism

   academic disciplines

   • 2013 August 3, “Boundary problems”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

     Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art.

   • 1648, John Wilkins, Mathematical Magick:

     This mathematical discipline, by the help of geometrical principles, doth teach to contrive several weights and powers unto motion or rest.

   1. A category in which a certain art, sport or other activity belongs.

派生語

関連する語

参考

• castigation
• stricture

動詞

discipline (third-person singular simple present disciplines, present participle disciplining, simple past and past participle disciplined)

1. (transitive) To train someone by instruction and practice.
2. (transitive) To teach someone to obey authority.
3. (transitive) To punish someone in order to (re)gain control.
4. (transitive) To impose order on someone.

同意語

• drill

派生語

関連する語

• disciplined
• disciplinable
• disciplinarian