英和和英

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /luːm/
• (米国発音) IPA: /lum/
• 韻: -uːm
• Homophone: loam (one pronunciation)

語源 1

From 中期英語 lome, from 古期英語 *lōma, ġelōma (“tool, utensil, implement, article of furniture, household effect”) (also as andlōma, andġelōma, andlama (“utensil, instrument, implement, tool, vessel”), from Proto-West Germanic *lōmō, *lamō (“tool, utensil”), of uncertain origin. Cognate with Dutch alaam, allaam (“tool, household ware or good, appliance”), from Middle Dutch andlame. Perhaps originally meaning "a thing of frequent use, thing repeatedly needed", in which case, akin to 古期英語 ġelōme (“often, frequently, continually, repeatedly”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- + *lōmiz, *lōmijaz (“lame, halt”), from Proto-Indo-European *lem- (“to break, soften”).

Compare Old High German giluomo, kilōmo (“often, frequently”), Old High German luomen (“to wear out, fatigue”), Old High German *luomī (as in gastluomī (“hospitality”), 古期英語 lama (“lame”). See lame.

Outside Proto-Germanic cognate with Russian ломи́ть (lomítʹ, “to break”), лома́ть (lomátʹ, “to break, to fracture”), ле́мех (lémex, “ploughshare”).

Compare typologically Serbo-Croatian ра́збо̄ј (“loom (weaving frame)”) akin to ра̀збити (“to break, to smash, to crack”).

名詞

loom (plural looms)

1. A utensil; tool; a weapon; (usually in compound) an article in general.

   heirloom, workloom

2. A frame or machine of wood or other material, in which a weaver forms cloth out of thread; a machine for interweaving yarn or threads into a fabric, as in knitting or lace making.

   Hyponyms: autoloom, broadloom, drawloom, handloom, Jacquard loom, power loom, needle loom, satinet loom

   • January 8, 1751, Samuel Johnson, "The Mischiefs of Total Idleness" in The Rambler

     Hector, when he sees Andromache overwhelmed with terror, sends her for consolation to the loom and the distaff.

3. The part of an oar which is between the grip or handle and the blade; the shaft.

派生語

語源 2

Shetland dialect, denoting a diver or guillemot, from Old Norse lómr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (“to howl”) (expressive root).

名詞

loom (plural looms)

1. (dated) loon (bird of order Gaviiformes)

参照

• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 650-51

語源 3

Origin uncertain. Perhaps from Old Norse ljóma (“to shine, radiate”). Alternatively, perhaps related to Saterland Frisian loomje (“to limp, hobble”), German Low German lahmen (“to limp, hobble”), Swedish loma (“to go slowly”), Middle Dutch loemen (“to wreck, spoil”), Middle High German lüemen (“to become weak, limp, tire”); see English lame.

動詞

loom (third-person singular simple present looms, present participle looming, simple past and past participle loomed) (intransitive)

1. To appear indistinctly, e.g. when seen on the horizon or through the murk.

   The clouds loomed over the mountains.

   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XV”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 24:

     […] yonder cloud
     That rises upward always higher,
     ⁠And onward drags a labouring breast,
     ⁠And topples round the dreary west,
     A looming bastion fringed with fire.

2. (figurative) To appear in an exaggerated or threatening form; (of a person or thing) to tower; (of an idea) to impressively or intimidatingly occupy the mind; (of an event) to be imminent.
   • 2011 August 7, Chris Bevan, “Man City 2 - 3 Man Utd”, in BBC Sport‎:

     With no extra-time to be played and penalties looming, the Portuguese winger pounced on some hesitant City defending to run on to a Wayne Rooney clearance, round Joe Hart and slot home.

   • 2021 November 3, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Rolling stock concerns as '701s' "not fit for purpose"”, in RAIL, number 943, page 21:

     In the meantime, SWR staff have warned privately that an acute shortage of rolling stock is looming, because the new trains are not ready.

   • 2025 August 13, Gabrielle Canon, “Man accused of throwing sandwich at US border agent charged with assault”, in The Guardian‎:

     The incident erupted as tensions simmered over Donald Trump’s looming takeover of DC and his administration’s use of force to brutally achieve his anti-migrant agenda.

3. (figurative) To rise and to be eminent; to be elevated or ennobled, in a moral sense.
   • 1822, John M. Mason, The Evangelical Ministry Exemplified in the Apostle Paul:

     On no occasion does he [Paul] loom so high, and shine so gloriously, as in the context.

派生語

名詞

loom (plural looms)

1. A distorted appearance of something as seen indistinctly or from afar.

参照

アナグラム

• mool