英和和英

語源

From Late 中期英語 thesis (“lowering of the voice”) and also borrowed directly from its etymon Latin thesis (“proposition, thesis; lowering of the voice”), from Ancient Greek θέσῐς (thésĭs, “arrangement, placement, setting; conclusion, position, thesis; lowering of the voice”), from τῐ́θημῐ (tĭ́thēmĭ, “to place, put, set; to put down in writing; to consider as, regard”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”)) + -σῐς (-sĭs, suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns of action, process, or result). The English word is a doublet of deed.

Sense 1.1 (“proposition or statement supported by arguments”) is adopted from antithesis. Sense 1.4 (“initial stage of reasoning”) was first used by the German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762–1814), and later applied to the dialectical method of his countryman, the philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831).

The plural form theses is borrowed from Latin thesēs, from Ancient Greek θέσεις (théseis).

発音

• Singular:
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈθiːsɪs/, (archaic) /ˈθɛsɪs/
  • (General American) IPA: /ˈθisɪs/
  • 韻: -iːsɪs
  • ハイフネーション: the‧sis
• Plural:
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈθiːsiːz/
  • (General American) IPA: /ˈθisiz/
  • 韻: -iːsiːz
  • ハイフネーション: the‧ses

名詞

thesis (plural theses)

1. Senses relating to logic, rhetoric, etc.
   1. (rhetoric) A proposition or statement supported by arguments.
      • 2025 September 30, Larry Sanger, “Nine Theses on Wikipedia”, in larrysanger.org‎:

        I submit these nine theses to Wikipedia’s community and to the world. I do this, as Martin Luther said when he posted his famous 95 theses, “Out of love for the truth and the desire to elucidate it.” […] I am confident that every thesis stands on solid ground.

   2. (by extension) A lengthy essay written to establish the validity of a thesis (sense 1.1), especially one submitted in order to complete the requirements for a non-doctoral degree in the US and a doctoral degree in the UK; a dissertation.
      • 1766, [Oliver Goldsmith], “The Conclusion”, in The Vicar of Wakefield: […], volume II, Salisbury, Wiltshire: […] B. Collins, for F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, pages 218–219:

        I told them of the grave, becoming, and ſublime deportment they ſhould aſſume upon this myſtical occaſion, and read them two homilies and a theſis of my own compoſing, in order to prepare them.

   3. (mathematics, computer science) A conjecture, especially one too vague to be formally stated or verified but useful as a working convention.
   4. (logic) An affirmation, or distinction from a supposition or hypothesis.
   5. (philosophy) In the dialectical method of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: the initial stage of reasoning where a formal statement of a point is developed; this is followed by antithesis and synthesis.
2. Senses relating to music and prosody.
   1. (music, prosody, originally) The action of lowering the hand or bringing down the foot when indicating a rhythm; hence, an accented part of a measure of music or verse indicated by this action; an ictus, a stress.

      Antonym: arsis

   2. (music, prosody, with a reversal of meaning) A depression of the voice when pronouncing a syllables of a word; hence, the unstressed part of the metrical foot of a verse upon which such a depression falls, or an unaccented musical note.

派生語

関連する語

参照

Further reading

• arsis and thesis on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• thesis on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• thesis, antithesis, synthesis on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• thesis (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “thesis”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “thesis”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Heists, Sethis, heists, shiest, shites, sithes, thises

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtʰɛ.sɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtɛː.s̬is]

名詞

thesis f (genitive thesis); third declension

1. thesis

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生した語

参照

• “thesis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “thesis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.