英和和英

別の表記

• zombi (uncommon), zomby (nonstandard), zumbi (nonstandard)

語源

First attested in the 18th century. Partially through Louisiana Creole zombi (“zombie; ghost”), Haitian Creole zonbi (“zombie”), and French zombi (“zombie”). Ultimately from a Bantu language. Compare Kongo nzambi (“god”), zumbi (“fetish”), and Kimbundu nzumbi (“ghost”) (see Portuguese zumbi, Sranan Tongo dyumbi), and Caribbean folklore's jumbie (“a spirit or demon”). A possible origin from Spanish sombra (“shadow, phantom”) has also been suggested. (Can this etymology be sourced? Particularly: “the alternative origin from Sp. sombra: 'suggested' by whom?”)

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈzɒmbi/
• (General American) enPR: zŏmʹbē, IPA: /ˈzɑmbi/
• 韻: -ɒmbi
• ハイフネーション: zom‧bie

名詞

zombie (plural zombies)

1. (voodoo) A person, usually undead, animated by unnatural forces (such as magic), with no soul or will of his or her own, typically being slow, obedient, and harmless unless directed to be harmful.

   Synonym: living dead

   • 1943, Curt Siodmak, Ardel Wray, I Walked with a Zombie (motion picture):

     Betsy Connell: I don't know about zombies, doctor. Just what is a zombie? / Dr. Maxwell: A ghost. A living dead. It's also a drink.

   • 1954, Ian Fleming, “A Visiting-Card”, in Live and Let Die, London: Pan Books, published 1957, page 21:

     The rumour had started that he was the Zombie or living corpse of Baron Samedi himself, the dreaded Prince of Darkness, and he fostered the story so that now it was accepted through all the lower strata of the negro world.

   • 1962, “Monster Mash”, Bobby "Boris" Pickett and Lenny Capizzi (lyrics), performed by Bobby (Boris) Pickett and The Crypt-Kickers:

     The zombies were having fun
     The party had just begun
     The guests included Wolf-Man, Dracula, and his son.

2. (horror) A dead person, reanimated through some fictional agency as a fungus, virus, or the like, that has an insatiable desire to eat living humans, typically depicted as aggressive, fast moving, and infectious.

   Synonyms: deadhead, walker, walking dead, (slang) zed

   • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: SSV Normandy:

     Ashley: Dad passed on a few years back. He's probably still watching, though.
     Shepard: He's not a zombie, is he?

   • 2017 February 23, Katie Rife, “The Girl With All The Gifts tries to put a fresh spin on overripe zombie clichés”, in The Onion AV Club‎:

     The zombies first show up 20 minutes in, after Melanie volunteers herself as the next child to mysteriously disappear in the middle of the night. That’s when we learn that Melanie and her classmates are all “hungries,” or people infected with a toxic fungus that turns them into mindless flesh-eating animals.

3. (figuratively) An apathetic or slow-witted person. [1936]
4. (figuratively) A human being in a state of extreme mental exhaustion.

   After working for 18 hours on the computer, I was a zombie.

5. (figurative) Someone or something that should be dead but is not.
   • 1982 February 13, Wayne Dynes, “Unnatural”, in Gay Community News, volume 9, number 29, page 4:

     I would advise anyone who does not share its politics — surely the great majority of gay men and lesbians — to shun NOLAG for the anachronistic zombie it is.

6. An information worker who has signed a nondisclosure agreement.

   Synonym: intellectual prostitute

7. (computing) A process or task which has terminated but has not been removed from the list of processes, typically because it has an unresponsive parent process.
   • 1986, Maurice J. Bach, The Design of the Unix Operating System, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA, See "Process States and Transitions," p. 147.

     9. The process executed the exit system call and is in the zombie state. The process no longer exists, but it leaves a record containing an exit code and some timing statistics for its parent process to collect. The zombie state is the final state of a process.

8. (computing) A computer affected by malware which causes it to do whatever the attacker wants it to do without the user's knowledge.
9. A cocktail of rum and fruit juices.
   • 1943, Curt Siodmak, Ardel Wray, I Walked with a Zombie (motion picture):

     Betsy Connell: I don't know about zombies, doctor. Just what is a zombie? / Dr. Maxwell: A ghost. A living dead. It's also a drink.

   • 1976, Walter Becker, Donald Fagen, “Haitian Divorce”, in The Royal Scam, performed by Steely Dan:

     She takes the taxi to the good hotel / Bon marché as far as she can tell / She drinks the zombie from the cocoa shell

   • 1976, Harvard Advocate CX:ii, pages 8 and 380:

     The maitre d’ introduced us and I had a zombie with him. Those zombies are wicked.

     […]

     I watched Mario and drank zombies out of a thermos.

10. (Canada, historical, derogatory) A conscripted member of the Canadian military during World War II who was assigned to home defence rather than to combat in Europe.
    • 1944, "Time for Decision," Time (US edition), 6 Nov.,

      Had the time come to order Canada's home defense draftees—some 70,000 zombies idling at home—to battle overseas?

11. (Australia, slang) Marijuana, or similar drugs.

    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:marijuana

    • 1980, Colin Hay, Ron Strykert, “Down Under”, performed by Men at Work:

      Traveling in a fried-out Kombi / On a hippie trail, head full of zombie

12. (philosophy) A hypothetical being that is indistinguishable from a normal human being except in that it lacks conscious experience, qualia, or sentience.

    Synonyms: p-zombie, philosophical zombie

派生語

参照