MARKERとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From mark +‎ -er.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɑː(ɹ)kə(ɹ)/
• 韻: -ɑː(ɹ)kə(ɹ)

名詞

marker (複数形 markers)

1. Someone or something that creates marks, particularly
   1. A felt-tipped pen, a marker pen.

      Don't use the permanent marker on the whiteboard.

   2. A scorekeeper, especially one who tallies billiard scores.
   3. (paintball) A device that fires a paintball.
2. Someone or something used to mark a position or amount, particularly
   1. A real or virtual objective, something to be aimed for.
      • 2013, Phil McNulty, "Man City 4-1 Man Utd", BBC Sport, 22 September 2013:

        Pellegrini insisted this was a game City had to win - this they did and with the sort of performance that put down a marker for how the Chilean wants his team to play.

   2. (US, slang) Synonym of IOU, an informal record of a debt.
   3. (linguistics) A free or bound morpheme indicating a grammatical function.
   4. (linguistics) Short for discourse marker.
   5. (biology) A gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species.
      • 2012, N Manikanda Boopathi, Genetic Mapping and Marker Assisted Selection: Basics, Practice and Benefits, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 88:

        Markers are mapped relative to one another on chromosomes and used as signposts against which to map genes of interest that are linked with marker. This process of finding the linked markers/genes is referred to as grouping.

   6. (biology, medicine) A substance used as an indicator for diagnosis or other analysis, a biomarker.
      • 2019, Justin Benson; Justin Benson, director, Synchronic, XYZ Films, OCLC 1224190927, spoken by Nurse Hall; Steve Denube (Rhonda Johnson Dents; Anthony Mackie):

        Nurse Hall: Is there any reason we shouldn't do a full workup? / Steve Denube: Ignorance is bliss; that's about it. Hangover's worse than usual but that's probably from the drinking and recreational drug use. / Nurse Hall: We'll ignore the ganja and booger sugar markers.

   7. (military) The soldier who forms the pilot of a wheeling column or marks the direction of an alignment.
   8. A sewing machine attachment that creases the fabric to mark a line
   9. A counter, especially one used in card games.
3. (UK) Someone who assigns marks on tests, examinations, etc.; a grader.
   • 2020 July 15, Mike Brown tells Paul Clifton, “Leading London's "hidden heroes"”, in Rail, page 47:

     So, in his end of term report, what marks would Brown award himself for his time at TfL?
     "8½," he replies.
     Why?
     "I'm a hard marker! [...].

4. (colloquial) The ink marks or residue of a felt-tipped pen.

   Susie got marker all over the walls.

5. (figuratively) A personal favor owed to someone, whether written or not.

   We may not be able to do this alone. Maybe it’s time to call in some of our markers.

6. (competition law) A formal certification that a company was the first to approach a competition authority to reveal the existence of a cartel, generally entitling it to greater leniency during the cartel's dissolution and punishment.
7. (sports) A player on defense used to mark one or more offensive players.
   • 2012 April 21, Jonathan Jurejko, “Newcastle 3-0 Stoke”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     He skipped past Marc Wilson before clipping a delicious cross into the Stoke danger zone, where Cisse's sharp movement allowed him to escape marker Robert Huth and send a far-post header crashing against the crossbar. And Cabaye was waiting to pounce on the rebound with a close range header.

8. (dated) A player employed by a private club to compete against members.
   • 1903 Eustace Miles Racquets, tennis, and squash p.39 (New York: Appleton & Co.)

     The Court itself, with its rent, the wages of the Marker and the tips to the Marker, the rackets and the balls, the baths and the flannels and the washing of the flannels, do much to account for the costliness of play.

   • 1904 "Squash and Racquets" in Frederick George Aflalo ed. The sportsman's book for India p.519 (London: Horace Marshall & Son)

     Some of the native markers attain to great skill, and the brilliant success in London of " Jamsetjee " the Bombay professional affords sufficient testimony to their capabilities.

   • 1904 "A Foreign Resident" (George Washburn Smalley かつ Thomas Hay Sweet Escott) "Where Wit, Wealth and Empire Meet" Society in the new reign p.76 (London: T Fisher Unwin)

     Of his victories over the curate at this game he is as proud as are others of his sex and cloth, not being old maids, of their mastery of "side" at billiards, and of an occasional victory over the club marker at evens.

   • 1907 June 1, “Mr. A. F. Wilding's Tour”, in New Zealand Herald, Volume XLIV, No. 13453‎^[2], page 7:

     I played seven sets of doubles with Mitchell (the second best player in Ceylon) and David, the native marker.

派生語

関連する語

動詞

marker (三人称単数 現在形 markers, 現在分詞 markering, 過去形および過去分詞形 markered)

1. To mark or write on (something) using a marker
   • 2002 July 5, Mike Sula, “Everything Must Go”, in Chicago Reader‎^[3]:

     On one page someone has markered: "Remember, you are your own best thing."

参照

• “marker”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

アナグラム

• Kramer, re-mark, remark