beginとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 beginnen, from 古期英語 beginnan (“to begin”), from Proto-West Germanic *biginnan, from Proto-Germanic *biginnaną (“to begin”), from be- + base verb *ginnaną also found in 古期英語 onginnan.

発音

• IPA: /bɪˈɡɪn/, /bəˈɡɪn/, /biˈɡɪn/
• 韻: -ɪn

動詞

begin (third-person singular simple present begins, present participle beginning, simple past began, past participle begun)

1. (ergative) To start, to initiate or take the first step into something.

   I began playing the piano at the age of five. (transitive)

   Now that everyone is here, we should begin the presentation. (transitive)

   The program begins at 9 o’clock on the dot. (intransitive)

   I rushed to get to class on time, but the lesson had already begun. (intransitive)

   • a. 1705, John Locke, “An Examination of P[ère] Malebranche’s Opinion of Seeing All Things in God”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, paragraph 41, page 175:

     The Apoſtle begins our Knowledge in the Creatures, which lead us to the Knowledge of God, if we will make uſe of our Reaſon: [...]

   • 1712 (date written), Alexander Pope, “Messiah. A Sacred Eclogue, in Imitation of Virgil’s Pollio.”, in The Works of Alexander Pope Esq. […], volume I, London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton, H. Lintot, J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, and S. Draper, published 1751, →OCLC, page 37, lines 1–2:

     Ye Nymphs of Solyma! begin the ſong: / To heav'nly themes ſublimer ſtrains belong.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 48:

     Mr. Cooke at once began a tirade against the residents of Asquith for permitting a sandy and generally disgraceful condition of the roads. So roundly did he vituperate the inn management in particular, and with such a loud flow of words, that I trembled lest he should be heard on the veranda.

   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     Of all the queer collections of humans outside of a crazy asylum, it seemed to me this sanitarium was the cup winner. […] When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose.

   • 2007, Nicky Gregson, Living with Things: Ridding, Accommodation, Dwelling, page 48:

     As Andrew, in particular, began to work on renovation and improvement, his talk about this began to be peppered with references to 'bodgery' — 'When I look at it, all I see is bodgery, he says recurrently, with a mixture of exclamation and despair.

   • 2008 April 9, Yudhijit Bhattacharjee, “Harnessing Biology, and Avoiding Oil, for Chemical Goods”, in The New York Times‎:

     Similarly, the biotech giant Cargill has begun manufacturing a polymer from vegetable oils that is used in polyurethane foams, which is found in beddings, furniture and car-seat headrests.

   • 2009, Brandon Lang, Stanley Cohen, Beating the Odds: The Rise, Fall, and Resurrection of a Sports Handicapper, →ISBN:

     State begins fouling and UCLA misses a couple of front-end free throws on one-and-ones.

   • 2013 June 29, “Unspontaneous combustion”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 29:

     Since the mid-1980s, when Indonesia first began to clear its bountiful forests on an industrial scale in favour of lucrative palm-oil plantations, “haze” has become an almost annual occurrence in South-East Asia.

2. (intransitive) To come into existence.
   • 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: […] J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:

     Vast chain of being! which from God began.

Conjugation

同意語

• See Thesaurus:begin.

派生語

派生した語

• Sranan Tongo: bigin
  • Aukan: bigin
  • Saramaccan: bigí

名詞

begin (plural begins)

1. (nonstandard) Beginning; start.
   • 2006, Quynh Anh, “Hello Vietnam”, in Bonjour Vietnam, published 2008:

     In prayer, in the light, I see my kin / I touch my tree, my roots, my begin

参照

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “begin”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “begin”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Bengi, being, beïng, binge