jackalとは

語源

From Turkish çakal, from Persian شغال‎ (šağâl), from Sanskrit सृगाल (sṛgālá, “jackal”) ^[1]

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʒækəl/
• 韻: -ækəl

名詞

jackal (複数形 jackals)

1. Any of certain wild canids of the genus Canis, native to the tropical Old World and smaller than a wolf.
   • 1987, Brenda E. F. Beck, Peter J. Claus, Praphulladatta Goswami, Jawaharlal Handoo (editors), Folktales of India, page 289,

     In passing, it also mentions how the jackal and the tiger acquired their reddish spots. All of the animals referred to, except the deer, have tricksterlike personalities, both in this tale and in other story contexts. But the jackal is the most renowned of all for roguishness.

   • 2002, Fred H. Harrington, The Ethiopian Wolf, page 6,

     Until recently, scientists thought Ethiopian wolves were a type of jackal. They gave Ethiopian wolves names like Semien jackal, Simenian jackal, or Ethiopian jackal.

   • 2007, McComas Taylor, The Fall of the Indigo Jackal: The Discourse of Division and Pūrnabhadra's Pañcatantra, page 52,

     As we will see, the jackal is usually associated in the Indic context with death and impurity, and would therefore sit squarely at the bottom of Dumont's social hierarchy.

2. A person who performs menial/routine tasks, a dogsbody.
3. (derogatory) A person who behaves in an opportunistic way; especially a base collaborator.
4. (slang, まれに) A jack (the playing card).

上位語

• (any of certain wild canids of genus Canis): canid

下位語

• (any of certain wild canids of genus Canis): golden jackal (Canis aureus); black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas, Cape jackal, East African jackal); side-striped jackal (Canis adustus)

派生語

• American jackal (coyote)
• simian jackal (Ethiopian wolf)

派生した語

• → Japanese: ジャッカル (jakkaru)
• → Korean: 자칼 (jakal)
• → Malay: jakal
  • Indonesian: jakal
• → Thai: แจ็กคัล (jɛ̀k-kal)

参考

• (canids) canid; coyote, dog, fox, jackal, wolf

参照

• Weisenberg, Michael (2000) The Official Dictionary of Poker. MGI/Mike Caro University. →ISBN

動詞

jackal (三人称単数 現在形 jackals, 現在分詞 jackalling, 過去形および過去分詞形 jackalled)

1. To perform menial or routine tasks
   • 1800, Pamphlets on British Taxation^[1]:

     They have jackalled for the great beast, to pick in turns the bones of each other; they have subserved those above, to oppress and defraud those below; and they are suffering, and, so far as classes can, justly suffering their purgation.