jackalとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From French chacal, chacale, checale, schakal, ciacale, from Turkish çakal, from Persian شغال‎ (šağâl).^[1]

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʒækəl/
• 韻: -ækəl

名詞

jackal (複数形 jackals)

1. Any of certain wild canids of the genus Canis, native to the tropical Old World and smaller than a wolf.
   • 1987, Brenda E. F. Beck, Peter J. Claus, Praphulladatta Goswami, Jawaharlal Handoo (editors), Folktales of India, page 289,

     In passing, it also mentions how the jackal and the tiger acquired their reddish spots. All of the animals referred to, except the deer, have tricksterlike personalities, both in this tale and in other story contexts. But the jackal is the most renowned of all for roguishness.

   • 2002, Fred H. Harrington, The Ethiopian Wolf, page 6:

     Until recently, scientists thought Ethiopian wolves were a type of jackal. They gave Ethiopian wolves names like Semien jackal, Simenian jackal, or Ethiopian jackal.

   • 2007, McComas Taylor, The Fall of the Indigo Jackal: The Discourse of Division and Pūrnabhadra's Pañcatantra, page 52:

     As we will see, the jackal is usually associated in the Indic context with death and impurity, and would therefore sit squarely at the bottom of Dumont's social hierarchy.

2. A person who performs menial/routine tasks, a dogsbody.
   • 1819 July 1, “The Political Vis——ss”, in [John Mitford], editor, The New Bon Ton Magazine; or, Telescope of the Times, volume III, number 15, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], OCLC 314782218, page 179:

     A nephew of hers, after receiving some learning at her ladyship's expence, got a commission, and fell upon the field of Waterloo; another is still at her heels, as a sort of jackall to fetch and carry when required.

3. (derogatory) A person who behaves in an opportunistic way; especially a base collaborator.
4. (slang, rare) A jack (the playing card).
5. (rugby union) a player who steals the ball at the tackle

別の表記

• jackall (廃れた用法)

上位語

• (any of certain wild canids of genus Canis): canid, dog

下位語

• (any of certain wild canids of genus Canis): golden jackal (Canis aureus); black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas, Cape jackal, East African jackal); side-striped jackal (Canis adustus)

派生語

• American jackal (coyote)
• Simien jackal (Ethiopian wolf)

派生した語

• → Japanese: ジャッカル (jakkaru)
• → Korean: 자칼 (jakal)
• → Malay: jakal
  • Indonesian: jakal
• → Thai: แจ็กคัล (jɛ̀k-kal)

参考

• (canids) canid; coyote, dog, fox, jackal, wolf ^{(Category: en:Canids)}

参照

• Weisenberg, Michael (2000) The Official Dictionary of Poker. MGI/Mike Caro University. →ISBN