oportetとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

For *opvortet, from Proto-Indo-European *wortéyeti, causative stem (2nd conjugation) of the root of vertō (“to turn”) (3rd conjugation). Some refer the op- to ob-, some to opus, with which compare the similar expressions opus est and operam dare.

See also ligō, vinciō for other examples of words meaning to bind or turn, having derivatives with the sense of obliging.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɔˈpɔr.tɛt]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [oˈpɔr.tet]

動詞

oportet (present infinitive oportēre, perfect active oportuit); second conjugation, impersonal, no passive, no supine stem

1. (impersonal) to be necessary, needful; to be proper, becoming, right or reasonable; to behoove; (absolutely) one should or ought to [with infinitive clause ((accusative (of the subject of the following verb)) + infinitive) or ut (Late Latin)]

   Synonyms: necesse est, opus est, dēbeō

   mulier, quam nōs amāre oportet

   woman, whom we should love / woman, who should love us

   mulier, quam ā nōbīs amārī oportet

   woman, whom we should love

   mulier, ā quā nōs amārī oportet

   woman, who should love us

   oportet nōs patriam amāre

   it behooves us to love our country.

   nōn tē oportēbat illī argentum reddere

   you ought not to have paid him the money.

   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 238–239:

     Uxōrem dēcrērat dare sēsē mī hodiē: nōnne oportuit / praescīsse mē ante? Nōnne priū’ commūnicātum oportuit?

     He himself has decided to give me a wife today: ought I not to have known beforehand? Shouldn’t it have been communicated sooner?

   • c. 65 CE, Seneca Minor, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 48.2:

     Alteri vivas oportet, si vis tibi vivere.

     You must live for others if you wish to live for yourself.

Conjugation

派生語

• oporteō

派生した語

• → Ido: oportar

参照

• “oportet”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “oportet”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “oportet”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “oportet”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 430
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 323-325
• oportet, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011