英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: dĭfĭʹshənsĭ, IPA: /dɪˈfɪʃənsi/

名詞

deficiency (countable and uncountable, plural deficiencies)

1. (uncountable) Inadequacy or incompleteness.
   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 17, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     The face which emerged was not reassuring. […]. He was not a mongol but there was a deficiency of a sort there, and it was not made more pretty by a latter-day hair cut which involved eccentrically long elf-locks and oiled black curls.

2. (countable) An insufficiency, especially of something essential to health.
   • 2013 August 31, “Promotion and self-promotion”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8851:

     One of academia’s deficiencies is that, though its lecture halls and graduate schools are replete with women, its higher echelons are not. Often, this is seen as a phenomenon specific to the sciences. … In fact, the disparity applies to the whole grove. Another report from 2006, by the American Association of University Professors, found the same ratio in the faculties of arts, humanities and social science, too.

3. (geometry) The amount by which the number of double points on a curve is short of the maximum for curves of the same degree.
4. (geometry) The codimension of a linear system in the corresponding complete linear system.

同意語

• lack
• lackingness
• want

反意語

• sufficiency
• excess

使用する際の注意点

In the context of dietary reference intake amounts for micronutrients, a precise usage distinction is often made whereby deficiency is a separate and more severe category that is coordinate with insufficiency. A common example is a widely used convention for cutoff value of vitamin D level in human blood, which defines less than 30 nanograms per milliliter as insufficient and less than 20 nanograms per milliliter (even worse) as deficient. In broad usage, though, the words are synonymous.

派生語

Further reading

• deficiency on Wikipedia.Wikipedia