英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 scorchen, scorcnen (“to make dry; parch”), perhaps an alteration of earlier *scorpnen, from Old Norse skorpna (“to shrivel up”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /skɔːtʃ/
• (General American) IPA: /skɔɹt͡ʃ/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)tʃ

名詞

scorch (countable and uncountable, plural scorches)

1. A slight or surface burn.
2. A discolouration caused by heat.
3. (phytopathology) Brown discoloration on the leaves of plants caused by heat, lack of water or by fungi.

同意語

• (slight burn): singe

派生語

動詞

scorch (third-person singular simple present scorches, present participle scorching, simple past and past participle scorched)

1. (transitive) To burn the surface of something so as to discolour it
2. (transitive) To wither, parch or destroy something by heat or fire, especially to make land or buildings unusable to an enemy
   • 1709, Matthew Prior, Pleasure:

     Lashed by mad rage, and scorched by brutal fires.

3. (ergative) (To cause) to become scorched or singed
4. (intransitive) To move at high speed (so as to leave scorch marks on the ground, physically or figuratively).
   • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 289:

     Men on cycles, lean-faced, unkempt, scorched along every country lane, shouting of unhoped deliverance, shouting to gaunt, staring figures of despair.

   • 2025 August 22, Mike Henson, “England open World Cup with 11-try win over USA”, in BBC Sport‎:

     England delivered an impressive statement of intent in the Rugby World Cup opener by scorching to a 69-7 victory against the United States in front of a record crowd of 42,723 in Sunderland.

5. To burn; to destroy by, or as by, fire.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 16:8:

     Power was given unto him to scorch men with fire.

   • 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):

     the fire that scorches me to death

6. (transitive) To attack with bitter sarcasm or virulence.
7. (intransitive, colloquial, dated) To ride a bicycle furiously on a public highway.

参考

• livid

参照