英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 rampand, rampend, present participle of rampen (“to rise by climbing, shoot up, sprout, sty, ascend”), from Old French ramper (“to creep, climb”) (see below), equivalent to ramp +‎ -and or ramp +‎ -ant. Recorded since 1382, "standing on the hind legs" (as in heraldry), later, "fierce, ravenous" (1387). Compare Scots rampand (“rampant”).

Alternatively from 中期英語 *rampant, from Old French rampant, the present participle of ramper (“to creep, climb”), equivalent to ramp +‎ -ant. Old French ramper derives from Frankish *rampōn, *hrampōn (“to hook, grapple, climb”), from *rampa, *hrampa (“hook, claw, talon”), from Proto-Germanic *hrempaną (“to curve, shrivel, shrink, wrinkle”).

発音

• IPA: /ˈɹæm.pənt/
• 韻: -æmpənt

形容詞

rampant (comparative more rampant, superlative most rampant)

1. (originally) Rearing on both hind legs with the forelegs extended.

   The Vienna riding school displays splendid rampant movement.

2. (heraldry) Rearing up, especially on its hind leg(s), with a foreleg raised and in profile.
   • 1846, Edgar Allan Poe, The Cask of Amontillado:

     ‘I forget your coat of arms.’
     ‘A human foot d’or, in a field azure; the foot crushes a serpent rampant whose fangs are imbedded in the heel.’

   • 1892, Thomas Hardy, The Well-Beloved:

     little pieces of moustache on his upper lip, like a pair of minnows rampant

   • 1957 February, “B.T.C. Armorial Bearings”, in Railway Magazine, page 81:

     The crest consists of a demi-lion rampant gules (red) holding between its paws a wheel argent similar to those included in the arms.

3. (architecture) Tilted, said of an arch with one side higher than the other, or a vault whose two abutments are located on an inclined plane.
4. Unrestrained or unchecked, usually in a negative manner.

   Weeds are rampant in any neglected garden.

   • 2012 March, William E. Carter, Merri Sue Carter, “The British Longitude Act Reconsidered”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 2, page 87:

     Conditions were horrendous aboard most British naval vessels at the time. Scurvy and other diseases ran rampant, killing more seamen each year than all other causes combined, including combat.

   • 2012 October 28, Helen Sword, “Mutant Verbs”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 20 April 2024, Draft‎:

     The craze for -ization — a word first employed by Charles Dickens in “Our Mutual Friend” — has been around for a very long time. The patron saint of rampant suffixization is Thomas Nashe, author of the 1593 pamphlet “Christ’s Tears Over Jerusalem.” His ebullient creations included myrmidonize, unmortalize, anthropophagize, retranquillize, cabbalize, palpabrize, superficialize and citizenize — not to mention collachrymate, assertionate and intercessionate.

   • 2013 September 22, Phil McNulty, “Man City 4-1 Man Utd”, in BBC Sport:

     In contrast to the despair of his opposite number, it was a day of delight for new City boss Manuel Pellegrini as he watched the rampant Blues make a powerful statement about their Premier League ambitions.

5. Rife, or occurring widely, frequently or menacingly.

   There was rampant corruption in the city.

下位語

• (heraldry): morné

派生語

関連する語

• ramp
• rampage

副詞

rampant (comparative more rampant, superlative most rampant)

1. (informal, nonstandard) Rampantly.

   Things seem to be running rampant around here lately.

Further reading

• “rampant”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “rampant”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “rampant”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• man-trap, mantrap