1歳半の英語

さらに、育児の分担割合を見ると、末子の年齢が低いほど、妻の育児分担割合が高く、末子が1 歳未満である場合、大半の家庭において、妻の育児分担割合が8 割以上と回答していることが分かる（第2-2-57図）。例文帳に追加

Regarding sharing of childcare responsibilities, the proportion of duties performed by the wife is greater the younger the youngest child, and wives perform at least 80% of childcare duties in the majority of households in which the youngest child is less than one year old (Fig. 2-2-57).発音を聞く  - 経済産業省

スウェーデンの保育サービスは、①保育所（preschool：1～6歳の就学前児童を対象としており、日本の保育所に相当する。全日利用可。）、②就学前学級（preschool class：6歳児を対象としており、小学校の中に置かれ就学前に集団生活を学ぶことを目的にしている。半日利用可。）、③学童保育所（after-school center又はleisure-time center：6～12歳の学童を対象としており、始業前、放課後、休日に利用でき、小学校に併設されている。）、④家庭保育所（family daycare：両者（1～12歳児）を対象としており、一定の資格を有する保育担当者が自分の家で数人の児童を保育するもの。）の４種類に分類されている。例文帳に追加

The day-care services provided in Sweden are classified into four types: (1) Preschool for children between ages one and six and before reaching the age to attend school. It is equivalent to nursery schools in Japan, with full-day service available. (2) Preschool class for six-year old children. They are established inside elementary school buildings so that these children learn how to live in a group before starting to attend schools, and half-day services are available. (3) After-school center or leisure-time center for children between ages six and twelve. They are established next to elementary schools and may be used before and after school hours, as well as on holidays. (4) Family daycare for both age groups (children between ages one and twelve). An individual certified as a day-care personnel looks after a small number of children at his or her own home. - 経済産業省

このように、近年、企業に雇用される人々の意識が一般的にはリスク回避的になり、開業希望率が減少していることと、第2章で述べたような、近年の労働市場の変化等との関係については、〔1〕1990年代まで大企業を中心とする年功賃金制が「日本的雇用慣行」として定着していると認識され、人々の予想する将来賃金が上昇してきたこと、〔2〕1990年代のデフレ経済の悪影響がまず自営業等の小規模な企業から破産・廃業の増加等の形で現れ、人々の予想する自営業の所得が顕著に低下しリスクが顕著に増加したこと、〔3〕大企業の被雇用者に本格的な雇用調整が及んだのは1990年代後半であったことから、将来の予想賃金が低下するにはかなり時間がかかったこと、〔4〕定年退職後の収入については、「日本的雇用慣行」の下でも不安定性があることが早くから認識され、また、1990年代に企業が中高齢層のリストラを進め高齢者の転職市場は厳しい状況が続き、50歳代の賃金については大企業でも比較的早くから調整が進んだことから、中高齢者にとっては転職と比較して開業することの機会費用が下がった可能性があること、また、この年代の人々はバブル崩壊による持ち家価格の低下等の影響を被ることが比較的少なかったこと等が指摘できる。例文帳に追加

People employed by enterprises have thus generally grown more risk averse in recent years. Regarding the relationship between the decline in the prospective entry rate and recent changes in the labor market such as those described in Chapter 2, attention may be drawn to the following: (1) the seniority-based pay systems found primarily at large enterprises up to the 1990s were recognized as having become entrenched as "Japanesestyle employment practices," and the future wages expected by people rose; (2) the negative effects of the deflationary economy in the 1990s first manifested themselves in the form of an increase in bankruptcies and exits among small enterprises such as the selfemployed, and there was a conspicuous decrease in the incomes and a conspicuous increase in the risks of selfemployment expected by people; (3) as full-fledged employment adjustment did not really impact on employees of large enterprises until the latter half of the 1990s, it took considerable time for future expected wages to fall; and (4) the instability of income after mandatory retirement even with "Japanese-style employment practices" has long been recognized, enterprises restructured their middle-aged and older workers in the 1990s, conditions in the elderly reemployment market remained severe, and wages of employees in their fifties underwent adjustment from a comparatively early stage, creating the possibility that for the middle-aged and elderly, the opportunity cost of entry compared with changing jobs has fallen, in addition to which people in this age group were comparatively less affected by the effects of the collapse of the bubble, such as the decline in home prices. - 経済産業省