意味 |
Woozle effectとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 ウーズル効果(ウーズルこうか、英: Woozle effect)とは、証拠や根拠のない事柄に関する公表物が、頻繁に引用されることにより、個人、団体、または社会一般において、証拠たり得ると誤解される現象のこと。
Wiktionary英語版での「Woozle effect」の意味 |
Woozle effect
語源
A reference to the book Winnie-the-Pooh (1926)[1] by English author A. A. Milne (1882–1956), in which the characters Winnie-the-Pooh and Piglet follow their own tracks in the snow, believing them to be the tracks of the imaginary “Woozle”. The term in its precise form is believed to have been coined by Beverly Houghton in a paper entitled Review of Research on Women Abuse delivered at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 7–10 November 1979: see the 1980 quotation. However, earlier mentions of the Woozle in this context exist.[2]
発音
固有名詞
Woozle effect
- The phenomenon whereby frequent citation of earlier publications leads to a mistaken public belief in something for which there is no evidence, giving rise to an urban myth.
- 1980 November, Richard J[ames] Gelles, “Violence in the Family: A Review of Research in the Seventies”, in Journal of Marriage and Family[1], volume 42, number 4, Minneapolis, Minn.: National Council on Family Relations, DOI: , ISSN 0022-2445, JSTOR 351830, OCLC 796978390, archived from the original on 25 January 2017, page 880, column 1:
- One general problem is what [Beverly] Houghton (1979) calls the "Woozle Effect" (based on a Winnie the Pooh story). The "Woozle Effect" begins when one investigator reports a finding, such as Gelles's (1974) report that 55 percent of his sample of families reported one instance of conjugal violence in their marriage. The investigator may provide qualifications to the findings. [...] In the "Woozle Effect," a second investigator will then cite the first study's data, but without the qualifications (such as done by Straus, 1974a). Others will then cite both reports and the qualified data gain the status of generalizable "truth."
- 1989, Howard Dubowitz; Eli Newberger, “Pediatrics and Child Abuse”, in Dante Cicchetti and Vicki Carlson, editors, Child Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, published 1997, →ISBN, part I (History かつ Definition), page 84:
- Faulty science is seen in the "woozle effect," where questionable research findings become "established facts" despite being based on an unsatisfactory methodology. A cyclical dynamic is set in motion. If more blacks are reported as abusive, this is then reflected in incidence data (of reported cases), and later can be misinterpreted as a "characteristic" of child abuse. A stereotype results, and blacks are more likely to be diagnosed and reported as abuse cases.
- 2000, Maryl L. Winningham; Margaret Barton-Burke, “Preface”, in Maryl L. Winningham and Margaret Barton-Burke, editors, Fatigue in Cancer: A Multidimensional Approach, Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, →ISBN, page xi:
- Slavish worship of "political correctness" is the death of scientific progress and is the worst form of mind control. It brings about stagnation and stifles creativity. It also contributes to the Woozle effect as suffered by Winnie the Pooh and his research assistant, Piglet. [...] Readers are encouraged to challenge and explore, to resist the tendency to fall victim to the Woozle effect as they search for answers.
参照
- ^ A[lan] A[lexander] Milne (14 October 1926), “In which Pooh and Piglet Go Hunting and Nearly Catch a Woozle”, in Winnie-the-Pooh, London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., OCLC 186228175.
- ^ See, for example, William Bevan (1953) Modern Psychologists: Scientific Woozle Hunters?: An Opinion in Outline (Nordisk Psykologi, Monografiserie; 4), Copenhagen: Einar Munksgaard, OCLC 878273095; Joachim F. Wohlwill (1963), “Piaget’s System as a Source of Empirical Research”, in Merrill-Palmer Quarterly of Behavior and Development, volume 9, issue 4, Detroit, Mich.: Wayne State University Press, ISSN 0272-930X, JSTOR 23082932, OCLC 977519884, pages 253–262: “hunt for the woozle”.
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ウーズル効果
英和対訳
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意味 |
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Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL). Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wiktionary英語版」の記事は、WiktionaryのWoozle effect (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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